Week 6: Water soluble Vitamins Flashcards
Which water soluble vitamins are stored in lrg amounts?
B12
Thiamin is what?
Vitamin B1
Thiamin is involved in ?
CHO metabolism
- oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA (TCA cycle)
- Pentose phosphate Pathway (parrelel pathway to glycolosis) (Faaty acid, nucleic acid and AA synthesis)
- Synthesis of branched chain AA
Nerve Transmission (thiamin triphosphate)
What are some good sources of Thiamin?
Green leaves, cereal grains and yeast
Microbial synthesis usually provides enough
What are some deficiency symptoms of Thiamin?
Anorexia
Inappetite
Incoordination
Muscle weakness (pyruvate accumulates in muscle)
Riboflavin is what?
Vitamin B2
What are flavoproteins?
proteins that contain a nucleic acid derivative of riboflavin: the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
Defincenciy of riboflavin in ruminants?
Unlikely due to microbes synthesis
Excess is excreted
What are some deficinecy symptoms of riboflavin?
- rough hair coat
- vomiting
- poor feed utilisation
- curled toe paralysis
inflam of the eye
Niacin is what?
Vitamin B3, nicotinamide
What is niacin required for?
NAD and NADP+
- needed for energy metabolism (H transfer)
- prodcued by microbes
What is Cyanocobalamin?
Vitamin B12
What is cyanocobalamin needed for?
Several enzyme systems including:
- isomerases
- dehydrases
- methionine
- DNA and RBC synthesis
- propionate conversion to succinic acid
How is cyanocobalamin synthesised?
By microbes requiring cobalt
What is vitamin B6 needed for?
AA metabolism
Glycogen and lipid metabolism
Adrenaline and noradrenalin synthesis
What is Biotin?
A coenzyme in carboxylation.
It is needed for CHO and nucleic acid metabolism
Contains S, often bound to protein
What does Folic acid (folate, folacin) do?
Part of coenzyme that adds and removes single C units into molecules
Essential for the synthesis of:
- histidine
- serine
- glycine
- methionine
- purines
- RNA
- DNA
What is Pantothenic acid?
Part of coenzyme A
- fatty acid oxidation
- acetic acid metabolism
- cholestrol and steroid synthesis
- CHO and protein metabolism
What is Choline?
Not an enzyme or coenzyme, but structural component of body tissues
Can be synthesised in liver from methione
What is ascorbic acid?
Vitamin C - antioxidant
An enzyme in electron transport reactions
