Week 6: Fat Soluble Vitamins A D E K

Question 1

What are provitamins?

Answer 1

Become vitamins after a chemical change

Question 2

What destroys alot of vitamins?

Answer 2

Oxidation

Question 3

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 3

A D E K

Question 4

What are the water soluble vitamins?

Answer 4

B group, vit C

Question 5

How are vitamins produced?

Answer 5

All but A and E by herbivores

D and C by the animal

B group and K by microbes

Question 6

What may vitamin supplements be needed for?

Answer 6

• animals on antibiotics (B group and K)
• on high grain diets or extended droughts (A and E)
• Poor quality diets
• Housed animals or animals further from the equator (D)
• under certain conditions eg stress, anaemic, reduced appetitie, nervous

Question 7

Vit A is also called?

Answer 7

Retinol

Question 8

Is vit A found in plants?

Answer 8

NO

Question 9

What happens regarding vit A in the intestinal mucosa?

Answer 9

Conversion from carotenoid pigments

Question 10

What is vit A needed for?

Answer 10

• vision (retinal cells - Vit A conversion under light causes impulse transmission up optic nerve)
• epithelial tissue and mucous membrane formation and protection
• free radical scavenger

Question 11

What are some symptoms of deficiency in vit A?

Answer 11

• most in young
• tearing
• night blindness (lack of rhodopsin resynthesis)
• reduced intake
• rough hair coat
• reduced immune response
• infertility

Question 12

What are some good sources of Vit A?

Answer 12

• grains (except corn) poor
• corn is high in B carotene
• green leaves
• egg yolk and milk fat

Question 13

Where is vit A stored?

Answer 13

Liver. 4 to 6 weeks grazing fresh green forage will provide enough stores for 3 to 6 months

Question 14

Excess vit A symptoms?

Answer 14

Bone fragility and dull hair

Question 15

What is Vit D required for?

Answer 15

Calcium metabolism

Question 16

How is Vit D synthesised?

Answer 16

In the skin in sunlight

Question 17

What is vit K required for?

Answer 17

The synthesis of prothrombin (clotting factor)

Question 18

Is vit K stored in body for long?

Answer 18

No, deficiency will occur a few weeks after vit K not avail

Question 19

What can vit K deficiency cause?

Answer 19

Internal haemorrhage

Question 20

Does Vit E exist as 8 different isomers?

Answer 20

Yes, main ones are tocopherols

Question 21

Where is Vit E stored?

Answer 21

Liver.

Question 22

What is dietary fat needed for in regards to vit E?

Answer 22

The absorption of vit E from the GIT

Question 23

What are some vit E functions?

Answer 23

• antioxidant esp for fat metabolism
• wound repair
• immune function
• prevents false alarm clotting in capillaries
• signalling between cells
• reg of gene expression
• neurological function

Question 24

How does vit E prevent false alarm clotting in capillaries?

Answer 24

Vit E replete endothelial cells lining the interior surface of blood vessels can better resist platelets adhering to the endothelium

Question 25

What are some vit E benefits?

Answer 25

• protects cell membrances and tissues from damage by oxidation
• aids in the formation of RBCs and the use of vit K
• promotes function of a healthy circulatory system and immune system

Question 26

How can high doses of vit E be fatal?

Answer 26

It is fat soluble so more difficult to excrete excess

Question 27

What are symptoms of vit E deficiency?

Answer 27

• reduced immune response
• neuromuscular problems
• anaemia due to oxidative damage to RBCs

Question 28

What are some good sources of vit E?

Answer 28

• wheat germ
• sunflower
• canola oils