week 6: transition to parenthood Flashcards
attachment in parenthood
process by which a parent comes to love and accept a child and a child comes to love and accept a parent
how is attachment developed and maintained
thru proximity and interaction
what is acquaintance
- important part of attachment
- eye contact, touching, talking, and exploring to become acquainted during the immediate postpartum period
- “claiming process” is the identification of new baby (likeness to other members, differences, and uniqueness)
describe some facilitating behaviours from parent + infant
- expresses pride in infant
- views infant’s behaviours and appearance in positive light
- engages and interacts with infant
- hovers, maintains proximity
- touches, progresses from fingertip to fingertip to palms to encompassing contact
- talks, coos, sings to infant
- interprets infants needs
- vocalization, crying when hungry or wet
- easily consolable
- visually alert, eye-to-eye contact
- enjoys being cuddled
basically overall good interaction
describe some inhibiting behaviours from parent + infant
- expresses disappointment
- views infant behaviour as deliberately uncooperative, negative comments about appearance
- ignores infant’s presence turns away from infant
- avoids, does not seek proximity, refuses to hold infant
- fails to move from fingertip to palmar contact
- handles roughly, hurries feedings
- does not try to interpret infants feelings
- continuous crying, colicky
- inconsolable, unresponsive to parenting
- gaze aversion
- resistant to being held and cuddling by crying, stiffening body
basically bad signs
what’s included in assessment of attachment behaviours
- when infant is brought to parents, do they reach out? call infant by name?
- do parent(s) speak about infant in terms of identification? who the infant resembles? uniqueness?
- when touching or holding, do the parent(s) use fingertips or whole hand? visual contact?
- how comfortable do parents appear in terms of caring for newborn?
- types of affection? smiling? kissing? rocking?
- responsiveness to infant cues? comforting techniques?
what is some diversity in transition to parenthood
- age
- social support network
- culture
- socioeconomic conditions
- parental sensory impairments (visual and hearing impairments)
- personal aspirations influence how parents respond
what are some nursing interventions to support parents
- respect and support
- if client agrees, skin to skin after birth
- provide opportunities for parent to see, hold, and examine newborn immediately after birth
- extended contact (rooming in)
- encourage active participation in care
- reinforce positive parenting behaviours
- determine parent knowledge and readiness to learn about infant care
- teaching parenting skills
- refer to appropriate community agencies
what are the phases of maternal postpartum adjustment (3)
- dependent: taking in phase
- dependent-independent: talk hold phase
- independent: letting go phase
describe the dependent: taking in phase
first 24 hours (range 1-2 days)
focus: self and meeting basic needs
- reliance on others to meet needs for comfort, rest, closeness, and nourishment
- excited and talkative
- desire to review birth process
describe the dependent-independent: talk hold phase
day 2-3; lasts 10 days to several weeks
focus: care of baby and competent mothering
- desire to take charge
- nurturing and acceptance by others still important
- eagerness to learn and practice (optimal teaching time)
- possible experience of postpartum blues
describe independent: letting go phase
focus: forward movement of family as unit with interacting members
- reassertion of relationship with partner
- resumption of sexual intimacy
- resolution of individual roles
describe what may be different to consider for parenting among LGBTQ2+ couples
- possible challenges include lack of family acceptance and support, public ignorance, and social invisibility
- judgemental attitudes, confusion, or lack of understanding can affect quality of care provided
- non judgemental, supportive, caring environment is important
sibling adaptation - describe this
- parents attitude towards the arrival of baby can set the stage for other children’s reaction
- adjustment to a newborn can take time
- positive behavioural changes of siblings: interest and concern for infant, increased independence
- sibling rivalry
- regression in sleep habits and toileting
- increased seeking of attention
- aggression towards the baby
