week 6 - pain management

Question 1

what are the 8 elements of optimal pain management?

“CHAPManShIPs”

Answer 1

1. cultural competence
2. holistic approach
3. use of analgesic guidelines
4. patient education
5. multimodal approach
6. shared decision-making
7. individualised care
8. pain relief goals

Question 2

what is a pain management plan?

Answer 2

structured/individualised approach to address & alleviate a patient’s pain

Question 3

who do you collaborate w/ for a pain management plan?

3

Answer 3

1. healthcare provider
2. patient
3. +/- multidisciplinary team

Question 4

what are the 3 benefits of a pain management plan?

Answer 4

1. ensures patients recieve the most appropriate & effective care
2. minimises risks associated w/ certain treatments
3. improve patient’s quality of life/overall well-being

Question 5

what are the 3 steps in the WHO analgesic ladder?

Answer 5

1. mild-moderate
2. mild to moderate pain persisting or increasing
3. moderate to severe

Question 6

what do you use to treat mild-moderate pain according to the WHO analgesic ladder?

3

Answer 6

1. non-pharmacological
2. non-opioid analgesic (paracetamol or NSAIDs)
3. w/ or w/out adjuvants

Question 7

what do you use to treat mild-moderate pain persisting or increasing according to the WHO analgesic ladder?

2

Answer 7

1. weak opioids (codeine or tramadol)
2. in combination w/ non-opioid analgesic

Question 8

what do you use to treat moderate to severe pain according to the WHO analgesic ladder?

2

Answer 8

1. strong opioids (morphine, oxycodone, fentanyl)
2. in combination w/ non-opioid analgesic

Question 9

what are 3 suggested changes for the WHO analgesic ladder?

Answer 9

1. individualised treatment
2. risk assessment & mitigation
3. regular re-assessment

Question 10

what 4 adjuvants alter perception?

Answer 10

1. paracetamol
2. opioids
3. antidepressants
4. MOR-NI

Question 11

what adjuvants alter modulation?

Answer 11

antidepressants

Question 12

what 2 adjuvants alter transmission?

Answer 12

1. opioids
2. local anaesthetics

Question 13

what 5 adjuvants alter transduction?

Answer 13

1. NSAIDs
2. paracetamol
3. anticonvulsants
4. local anaesthetics
5. topical: NSAIDs/capsaicin

Question 14

what is a adjuvant?

Answer 14

substance that enhances body’s immune response to an antigen

Question 15

what is transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

Answer 15

non-pharmalogical

deliver low-lvl electrical currents to nerve endings, disrupting pain signals > provides relief