Week 6: Heart Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
In the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the Mediastinum
Where does the Dorsal surface of the heart lie?
Near the bodies of the vertebrae
Where does the Anterior surface of the heart lie?
Deep to the sternum and costal cartilages
When blood is pumped from the right atrium to the right ventricle, it is entering which circuit?
Pulmonary circuit
What is the pulmonary circuit?
It is where blood is low in oxygen but high in CO2
Where does gas exchange occur in the pulmonary circuit?
Gas exchange occurs in the pulmonary capillaries (oxygen into the blood, carbon dioxide out)
When blood is pumped back to the left atrium to the left ventricle, which circuit is it entering?
The systemic circuit
What is the systemic circuit?
It is where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged out of the capillaries and CO2 and wastes are exchanged into them
Which chamber initially receives blood from the systemic circuit?
Right atrium
Blood flow: The Left Atrium flows into the…
Mitral valve (L atrioventricular valve)
Blood flow: The Tricuspid Valve (R atrioventricular valve) flows into the…
Right ventricle
Blood flow: The Right Ventricle flows into the…
Pulmonary semilunar valve (pulmonic valve)
Blood flow: The Pulmonary Vein flows into the…
Left atrium
Blood flow: The Aortic Semilunar Valve flows into the…
Pulmonary vein
Blood flow: The Mitral Valve (L atrioventricular valve) flows into the…
Left ventricle
Blood flow: The Left Ventricle flows into the…
Aortic Semilunar valve (aortic valve)
Blood flow: The Pulmonary Artery flows into the…
Lungs, then to the Right atrium
Blood flow: The Right Atrium flows into the…
Tricuspid valve (R atrioventricular valve)
Blood flow: The Pulmonary Semilunar Valve flows into the…
Pulmonary Artery
What is a Patent Foramen Ovale defect?
An abnormal opening in the interatrial septum, or more commonly, a failure of the foramen ovale to close
What is a Coarctation of the Aorta?
An abnormal narrowing of the aorta
What is a Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
The failure of the ductus arteriosus to close
(Ductus arteriosus allows blood to bypass the lungs in utero)
What is a Tetralogy of Fallot?
An abnormal opening in the interventricular septum
What is the Pericardium/Pericardial Sac?
The membrane that directly surrounds the heart and defines the pericardial cavity