Week 2: Physiological Processes of Life Flashcards
What are the 5 vital signs?
Temperature (T)
Pulse/Heart Rate (HR)
Blood Pressure (BP)
Respiratory Rate (RR)
Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SpO2)
What is a normal temperature?
36 - 38oC
Afebrile = no fever
What is an abnormal temperature?
> 41oC = hyperthermia
Fever = febrile
<35oC = hypothermia
What is a normal pulse/heart rate?
60 - 100 BPM
What is an abnormal pulse/heart rate?
> 100 = tachycardia
<60 bradycardia
What is a regular blood pressure?
80-120 systolic
60-80 diastolic
What is an abnormal blood pressure?
> 120 systolic = hypertension
<80 systolic = hypotension
What is Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?
MAP = diastolic BP + (systolic - diastolic BP)/ 3
MAP = 90 + (120 - 90) / 3
MAP = 90 + (30) / 3
MAP = 100
What is a normal respiratory rate?
12 -20 Respirations/min
What is an abnormal respiratory rate?
<12 Hypoventilating
>20 Hyperventilating
What is a normal O2 saturation level?
95 - 100 %
What is an abnormal O2 saturation level?
<95 %
What factors impact the vital signs?
Age, environment, hormones, pain, diseases/conditions, emotional states, social habits, dietary habits, activity level, lifestyle, anxiety.
What is the glymphatic system?
It is involved in regulation of interstitial fluid movement and subsequent removal of waste from the brain and CSF and is directed by sleep and circadian rhythms.
