Week 6 - antibacterials

Question 1

Selective toxity

Answer 1

to damage the infection without damaging the host

Question 2

Principles of antibacterial action

Answer 2

• Target cells that are living and reproducing in the body
• target unique cells that are living and reproducing in the body
• ideally move to sit of infection
• remove the cells without causing harm to the body or function of the body

Question 3

Antibiotic targets for antibiotic drigs

Answer 3

1. Cell wall synthesis inhibitor
2. protein synthesis inhibitor
3. DNA synthesis inhibitor
4. folic acid synthesis inhibitor

Question 4

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

Answer 4

Beta-lactums = penicillin
glucopeptides = vanomycin

Question 5

Why is clauvic acid given in conjustion with amoxyilin

Answer 5

Clauvic acid inhibits the beta lactese enzyme which increases the effectiveness of amoxycillin when taken together

Question 6

MOA for penicillins

Answer 6

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 7

Examples of penicillin

Answer 7

Flucloxocillin, amoxicillian, pipercillin

Question 8

Broad spectrum antibitics

Answer 8

pipercillin

Question 9

Moderate spectrum

Answer 9

amoxicilian

Question 10

narrow spectrum antibiotics

Answer 10

flucoxiciliian, ducoxicillian

Question 11

Narrow vs broad

Answer 11

Narrow is directed treatment after a culture
broad spectrum target a range of bacterias (increase risk of resistance)

Question 12

Renal impairment and antibiotics

Answer 12

Decrease dose
or
increase time between doses

can cause toxicity as antibiotics are excreted via the kidney

Question 13

Breast feeding and pregnancy

Answer 13

antibiotics (amoxicillian) = Cat A pregnancy drug, which means its safe to take during pregnancy

breastfeeding = safe. take just after finishing feed

Question 14

Adverse reactions

Answer 14

rash
diahorrea/vomitting
fever

Question 15

Tertryclinic - MOA and examples, pregnancy safety

Answer 15

MOA: inhibits protein synthesis
Examples: doxyclinine
CAT D - only safe in first 18 weeks

Question 16

Marcolides - MOA and examples

Answer 16

MOA: inhibits protein synthesis
Examples: erthyromyicine, roxyromycine

Question 17

Inhibitors of DNA synthesis

Answer 17

end in xcine - cycroflocaxcine

Question 18

Antibiotic councelling

Answer 18

• take single dose in the morning, try to avoid at night
• take with a big glass of water and remain upright for 1 hour
• do not take any iron, calcium or zinc supplements within 2 hours of taking tertracycline as may interfere with absorption

Question 19

Nitromidazoles - MOA

Answer 19

inhibit DNA and cause cell death