Week 6- Acid base balance Flashcards
Acid
Compounds that contain H+
Bases
Compound that accepts H+
PH
Reflects concentration of H+
Normal blood PH
7.35-7.45
Arterial blood gases
Used to measure acid base balance by, measuring PH
Most important blood vessels
Arteries. Carries oxygen.
Respiratory acidosis
Does respiratory only mean 02
No. It means C02 as well.
Where is the only part of body that should be acidic
Stomach
Testing fluid imbalance
Hypovolemia-low fluid volume
Skin turgor
Weight loss
Decreased urine output and blood pressure
Tachycardia
What happens to heart rate when blood pressure falls
Increase
What happens to Blood P. If temp increases
Decrease
What happens to vitals during internal bleeding
BP goes down
HR goes up
What part of the body is the only part that holds blood
Abs
Symptoms of Hypervolemia
Bounding Pulse
High Blood P.
Crackling sounds in lungs
Distended veins
Cool pale skin
Metabolic acidosis
Entire body
Congestive hear failure and fluid
Causes water retention
Congestive heart failure on the left
Causes fluid build up in lungs
Methods for Acid Base regulation
Buffer system
Respiratory mechanism
Renal Mechanisms
Symptoms of fluid deficit/hypovolemia
Dehydration
Weight loss
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Increased temp
Symptoms of fluid excess(hypervolemia)
Overhydration
-elevated Blood P, bounding pulse
-pale cool skin
-Edema/ascites
-crackles
Acidosis
Ph below 7.35
Respiratory cause: retention of CO2
Metabolic causes: Loss of bicarbonate
Alkalosis
Ph above 7.45
Respiratory cause- exhaling too much CO2
Metabolic cause-Increased bicarbonate
Interpret Arterial Blood gases
Nursing Assessmnet
Head to to toe physical
Vitals
Daily weights
Fluid intake and output
Lab studies
Nursing interventions
-dietary education
-oral electrolyte supplements
-limiting or facilitating oral fluid intake
-IV
Vascular access
