Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the strengths and weaknesses of factorial designs.

A

Strengths:

  1. Allows for more precise hypothesises to be tested.
  2. Can include extraneous variables as IV (blocking).
  3. Identify interactive effects.

Weaknesses:

  1. Logistically difficult.
  2. Higher-order interactions are harder to interpret (or impossible).
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2
Q

Explain the concepts of main effect.

A

The influence of one IV on the DV.

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3
Q

Explain the concept of interaction effect.

A

The interactive effect of two or more IVs on a DV.

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4
Q

Describe the considerations made when deciding upon the appropriate experimental design.

A
  1. Review previous literature.
  2. Use of control group.
  3. Number of comparison groups.
  4. Pretesting.
  5. Within-participants, between-participants or mixed?
  6. Number of independent and dependent variables.
  7. Will it be approved by the IRB?
  8. Can you obtain participants? (animals or humans).
  9. Instruments needed.
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5
Q

Explain the importance of sample size.

A

Larger samples provide more accurate data and interpretations.

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6
Q

Explain why it is necessary to conduct a pilot study prior to data collection.

A
  1. Establishes clarity of instructions.
  2. Provides evidence that independent variable is being manipulated adequately.
  3. Familiarizes researcher with the procedure.
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7
Q

Explain the concept of statistical power (Beta).

A

The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis, power of .80 is desired.
Sample size, alpha level and effect size (cohen’s d) influence power.

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8
Q

What is the cell? (factorial design)

A

Combination of levels of two or more IVs in a factorial design layout.

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9
Q

What is the cell mean? (factorial design)

A

The mean score of all the participants in a cell.

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10
Q

What is the marginal mean? (factorial design)

A

The mean of a row or column in the factorial design layout.

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11
Q

What is a pilot study?

A

A brief run-through of the entire experiment with a few participants prior to the actual collection of data.

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