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Computer Networking (Course 2)(Google Cert) > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Error-detection

A

The ability for a protocol or program to determine that something went wrong

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2
Q

Error-recovery

A

The ability for a protocol or program to attempt to fix it

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3
Q

ICMP

A

Is used by the router to communicate that data wasn’t sent back to the source of the data

Internet Control Message Protocol

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4
Q

Ping

A

Lets you send a special type of ICMP message called an Echo Request

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5
Q

How do you send a ping?

A

Enter into the command line “ping” followed by the destination IP address

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6
Q

Traceroute

A

A utility that lets you discover the path between two nodes, and gives you information about each hop along the way

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7
Q

What are two similar tools to traceroute?

A

mtr-Linux/MacOS

pathping-Windows

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8
Q

mtr

A

Works in real time and will continually update its output with all the current aggregate data about the traceroute

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9
Q

pathping

A

Runs for 50 seconds and then displays the final aggregate data all at once

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10
Q

What are two tools to test transport layer?

A

netcat-Linux/MacOS

Test-NetConnection - Windows

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11
Q

What are the two necessary arguments for nd (netcat)?

A

Host and Port

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12
Q

nslookup

A

nslookup [hostname]

stands for name server lookup

Work as a check against the configuration of DNS servers

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13
Q

What kind of server does an ISP give the user access to as part of the service?

A

Recursive name server

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14
Q

Public DNS servers

A

Name servers specifically set up so that anyone can use them for free

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15
Q

What IPs do Level 3 Communications use for their public DNS servers?

A

4.2.2.1 - 4.2.2.6

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16
Q

What are the IPs of Google’s public DNS servers?

A

8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4

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17
Q

What is a good use of public DNS servers?

A

Testing general internet connectivity by sending s ping request to one

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18
Q

Registrar

A

An organization responsible for assigning individual domain names to other organizations or individuals

19
Q

Hosts files

A

A flat file that contains, on each line, a network address followed by the host name it can be referred to as

20
Q

Loopback address

A

A way of sending network traffic to yourself

IP is 127.0.0.1

Configured on an entry in a host file

21
Q

What is a popular way viruses disrupt and redirect user traffic

A

Host files

22
Q

What are examined before a DNS resolution attempt occurs on just about every major OS?

A

Host files

23
Q

Cloud computing

A

A technological approach where computing resources are provisioned in a shareable way, so that lots of users get what they need, when they need it

A model in computing where large clusters of machines let us use the total resources available in a better way

24
Q

Virtualization

A

A single physical machine called a host country!d run many individual virtual instances, called guests

25
Q

Hypervisor

A

A piece of software that runs and manages virtual machines, while also offering these guests a virtual operating platform that’s indistinguishable from actual hardware

26
Q

Public cloud

A

A large cluster of machines run by another company

27
Q

Private cloud

A

Used by a single large corporation and generally physically hosted on its own premises

28
Q

Hybrid cloud

A

Term used to describe situations where companies might run things like their most sensitive proprietary technologies on a private cloud, while entrusting their less sensitive servers to a public cloud

29
Q

Infrastructure as a Service (IAAS)

A

You shouldn’t have to worry about building your own network or your own servers

30
Q

Platform as a Service (PAAS)

A

A subset of cloud computing where a platform is provided for customers to run their services

31
Q

Software as a Service (SAAS)

A

A way of licencing the use of software to others while keeping that software centrally hosted and managed

32
Q

Cloud storage

A

Allows data to be held at multiple cloud storage facilities potentially around the globe which allows a company to grow their storage as needed without the headache of adding to their own physical hardware and monitoring the hardware components

33
Q

What are the two rules for shortening IPv6 addresses?

A
  1. You can remove any leading zeros from a group

2. Any number of consecutive groups composed of just zeros can be replaced with two colons

34
Q

Link-local unicast addresses

A

Allow for local network segment communications and are configured based upon a host’s MAC address

FE80::

35
Q

What bits are reserved for the network ID and host ID

A

First 64 bits for network ID

Second 64 bits for host ID

36
Q

Traffic class field (IPv6)

A

An 8 bit field that defines the type of traffic contained within the IP datagram and allows for different classes of traffic to receive different priorities

37
Q

Flow label field

A

A 20 bit field that’s used in conjunction with the traffic class field for routers to make decisions about the quality of service level for a specific datagram

38
Q

Payload length field

A

16 bit field that defines how long the data payload section of the datagram is

39
Q

Next header field

A

Unique to IPv6

Defines what kind of header is immediately after this current one

40
Q

Hop limit field

A

8 bit field identical in purpose to the TTL field in an IPv4 header

41
Q

How to tell if an IPv6 address is correlated with an IPv4 address?

A

The IPv6 address starts with 80 zeros and is followed by 16 ones. The remaining 32 digits are the IPv4 address meant to be represented

42
Q

IPv6

A

Servers take incoming IPv6 traffic and encapsulate it within traditional IPv4 datagram

43
Q

IPv6 tunnel broker

A

Companies that provide IPv6 tunnel!ing endpoints for you, so you don’t have to introduce additional equipment to your network

Computer Networking (Course 2)(Google Cert) (6 decks)

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