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Computer Networking (Course 2)(Google Cert) > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dynamic host configuration protocol

A

The protocol involved with handing out dynamic IP addresses to devices within a network

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2
Q

When are static IP addresses usually given?

A

To servers and network devices

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3
Q

IP datagram

A

A highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined

The two primary sections of an IP datagram are the header and the payload

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4
Q

Version field

A

First field of the IP datagram that is 4 bytes long and it states what version IP address the datagram uses (IPv4 or IPv6)

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5
Q

Header Length field

A

Almost always 20 bytes in length when dealing with IPv4

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6
Q

Service type field

A

8 bits long and can be used to specify details about quality of service (QoS) technologies

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7
Q

Total length field

A

A 16 bit field used to declare how long the attached IP datagram is

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8
Q

Identification field

A

A 16 bit number used to group messages together : if a very large datagram needs to be sent then it will be split into multiple datagrams and the identification field will be the same for each of those datagrams so the recipient router knows the segments are connected

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9
Q

How large can a single datagram be?

A

The largest number that can be represented with 16 bits: 65,535

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10
Q

Flag field

A

Used to indicate if a datagram is allowed to be fragmented, or to indicate that the datagram has already been fragmented

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11
Q

Fragmentation

A

The process of taking a single IP datagram and splitting it up into several smaller datagrams

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12
Q

Time to live (TTL) field

A

An 8 bit field that indicates how many router hops a datagram can traverse before it’s thrown away

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13
Q

Protocol field

A

Another 8 bit field that contains data about what transport layer protocol is being used

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14
Q

Header checksum field

A

A checksum of the contents of the entire IP datagram header: changes at every router it goes through along with the TTL field

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15
Q

IP options field

A

An optional field and is used to set special characteristics for datagrams primarily used for testing purposes : usually followed by a padding field

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16
Q

Padding field

A

A series of zeroes used to ensure the header is the correct total size

17
Q

Address class system

A

A way of defining how the global IP address space is split up

18
Q

Class A IP addresses

A

The first octet is used for the network ID and the last three are for the host ID

19
Q

Class B IP addresses

A

The first two octets are for the network ID and the remaining two are for the host ID

20
Q

Class C IP addresses

A

The first three octets are for the network ID and the last one is for the host ID

21
Q

CIDR

A

Classless Inter-Domain Routing

22
Q

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

A

A protocol used to discover the hardware address of a node with a certain IP address

23
Q

ARP Table

A

A list of IP addresses and the MAC addresses associated with them : generally expire quickly to account for network changes

24
Q

Subnetting

A

The process of taking a large network and splitting it up into many individual and smaller subnetworks , or subnets

25
Q

Subnet masks

A

A way for a computer to use AND operators to determine if an IP address exists on the same network

26
Q

Demarcation point

A

To describe where one network or system ends and another one begins

27
Q

Router

A

A network device that forwards traffic depending on the destination address of that traffic.

28
Q

What are the four basic steps a router takes to send data?

A
  1. Receives data packet
  2. Examines destination IP
  3. Looks up IP destination network in routing table
  4. Forwards traffic to destination
29
Q

What are the two sub categories of interior gateway protocols?

A

Link state routing protocols

Distance-vector protocols

30
Q

Interior gateway protocols

A

Used by routers to share information within a single autonomous system

31
Q

Autonomous system

A

A collection of networks that all fall under the control of a single network operator

32
Q

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

A

A nonprofit organization that helps manage things like IP address allocation and autonomous system allocation

33
Q

Why is the autonomous system number (ASN) only represented by one decimal number?

A

Because it never changes and, unlike IP addresses, it does not represent multiple ID’s within the same number like IP addresses do for host ID and network ID

People also don’t really look at ASN’s so it’s not necessary to be as readable

Computer Networking (Course 2)(Google Cert) (6 decks)

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