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INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY > WEEK 6-8: CONSCIOUSNESS > Flashcards

WEEK 6-8: CONSCIOUSNESS Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensory awareness of the environment

A

CONSCIOUSNESS

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2
Q

Refers to the different levels of awareness of one’s thoughts and feelings

A

AWARENESS

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3
Q

The focus of consciousness on a particular stimulus

A

SELECTIVE ATTENTION

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4
Q

Knowledge of one’s own thoughts, feelings, and memories; overthinking

A

DIRECT INNER AWARENESS

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5
Q

Materials that are not in awareness but can be brought into awareness by focusing one’s attention

A

PRECONSCIOUS

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6
Q

Involves descriptive of ideas and feelings that are not available to awareness and are also without consciousness

A

UNCONSCIOUS

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7
Q

Memories that are outside of awareness and inaccessible

A

UNCONSCIOUS

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8
Q

The unconscious ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas, impulses, or images from awareness

A

REPRESSION

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9
Q

The “deliberate” placing of certain ideas, impulses, or images out of awareness

A

SUPPRESSION

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10
Q

Bodily processes such as growing hair, of which we cannot be conscious

A

NONCONSCIOUS

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11
Q

Information that is out of consciousness and not immediately available to consciousness

A

SUBCONSCIOUS

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12
Q

It is not something you are actively thinking about or aware of in a given moment, but it can still have an impact on your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

A

SUBCONSCIOUS

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13
Q

It is everything we think about while we are awake

A

WAKING STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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14
Q

It includes a mixture of sensation from the body, memories of the past, thoughts, feelings, perceptions and images, and expectations about the future that occur when we are awake and reasonable alert

A

WAKING STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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15
Q

A radial deviation from the overall pattern of functioning of the mind during the ordinary waking consciousness such that a new, overall pattern is superimposed on one’s experience

A

ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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16
Q

State of trans/hypnosis

A

ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

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17
Q

It is described as alternating periods of wakefulness and sleep reflect an internally generated circadian rhythm

A

SLEEP

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18
Q

It is like a body clock that helps regulate various biological processes over a roughly 24-hour cycle

A

CIRCADIAN RHYTHM

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19
Q

Where is the circadian rhythm located?

A

HYPOTHALAMUS

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20
Q

A “quiet sleep” because of the minimal eye movement

A

NON-RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP (NREM)

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21
Q

A stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, which have been linked to dreaming

A

RAPID EYE MOVEMENT (REM) SLEEP

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22
Q

“Rapid low” amplitude brain waves that have been linked to feelings of relaxation

A

ALPHA WAVES

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23
Q

A type of brain waves produced when you are awake but relaxed and not actively concentrating on something

A

ALPHA WAVES

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24
Q

Slow brain waves produced during the hypnagogic state

A

THETA WAVES

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24
Q

How much frequency does alpha brain waves have?

A

IN THE RANGE OF 8 TO 13 CYCLE PER SECOND (HERTZ)

25
Q

Associated with a state of deep relaxation, daydreaming, and light sleep

A

THETA WAVES

26
Q

Commonly observed during the early stages of sleep, especially during the transition from wakefulness to a more profound sleep state

A

THETA WAVES

27
Q

How much frequency does theta waves have?

A

4 TO 8 CYCLES PER SECOND

28
Q

Strong, slow brain waves usually emitted during stag 4 of sleep

A

DELTA WAVES

29
Q

Brain wave that the brain produces during deep sleep

A

DELTA WAVES

30
Q

How much frequency does delta waves have?

A

LOW FREQUENCY RANGING FROM 0.5 TO 4 CYCLES

31
Q

Stage of sleep where eye and muscle activity slows; brain activity decreases 50%; sleeper may experience sudden mucle contractions

A

STAGE 1

31
Q

Stage of sleep where the eye movement and muscle activity stops; slow brain waves; sleep spindles begin

A

STAGE 2

32
Q

Stage of sleep where deep sleep starts; brain begins to produce very slow delta waves; no eye or muscle movement; difficult to wake the sleeper

A

STAGE 3

33
Q

Stage of sleep where the brain only produces delta waves; sleeper may be disoriented if awakened

A

STAGE 4

34
Q

Stage of sleep where heart and breathing rates increases; eye movement is quick and irregular; blood pressure rises; breathing becomes shallow; muscles of the chin, neck, torso are paralyzed; sleeper begins to dream

A

REM STAGE

35
Q

What does it mean when the eye movement is rapid while asleep?

A

THAT THE BRAIN IS ACTUALLY WORKING

36
Q

Chemical produced in the brain to render the body temporarily paralyzed to prevent acting out our dream

A

GAMMA AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (GABA)

37
Q

A discipline that studies how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time as a result of natural selection

A

EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY

38
Q

THEORY OF SLEEP:

Sleep is essential to restore resources expended during the day (energy)

Sleep is an adaptive response to predatory risks

A

ADAPTIVE FUNCTION OF SLEEP

39
Q

THEORY OF SLEEP:

Sleep deprivation results in disruptions in cognitive and memory deficits leading to impairments in our abilities to maintain attention, make decisions, and recall long-term memories

A

COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF SLEEP

40
Q

A sleep disorder where an individual may wake up several times during sleep during the night only to find out that they have difficulty getting back to sleep; lack of sleep for 3 nights a week for at least one month’s time

A

INSOMNIA

41
Q

A sleep disorder where a person falls asleep suddenly

A

NARCOLEPSY

42
Q

“Sleep attack” that may last 15 minutes or so

A

NARCOLEPSY

43
Q

Lose of muscle control

A

CATAPLEXY

44
Q

Accompanied by collapse of muscle control or the entire body – a condition called sleep paralysis

A

NARCOLEPSY

45
Q

Caused by lack of neurotransmitter called hypocretin (or orexin)

A

NARCOLEPSY

46
Q

A dangerous sleep disorder in which the air passages are obstructed

A

APNEA

47
Q

A form of sleep apnea where the airway becomes blocked or collapses during sleep

A

OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA)

48
Q

A form of sleep apnea where the brain fails to send proper signal to the muscles that control breathing

A

CENTRAL POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE (CPAP)

49
Q

A person with this disorder feels uncomfortable sensations in the legs during periods of inactivity or when trying to fall asleep.

A

RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME

50
Q

This discomfort is relieved by deliberately moving the legs, which not surprisingly, contributes to difficulty in falling or staying asleep

A

RESTLESS LEG SYNDROME

51
Q

A sometimes bizarre and often dangerous sleep disorder

A

REM BEHAVIORS DISORDERS

51
Q

A deep-sleep disorder that is similar to, but severe than nightmares, which occur during REM sleep

A

SLEEP TERRORS

52
Q

A deep-sleep disorder where a person is never fully awake, returns to sleep, and may recall a vague image as if someone pressing on their chest

A

SLEEP TERRORS

53
Q

A deep-sleep disorder that probably reflects immaturity of the nervous system. In most cases, it resolves before adolescence, often by age 8.

A

BED-WETTING

54
Q

This disorder causes sleepers to act out their dreams, especially when the dreams are scary or dramatic

A

SLEEPWALKING

54
Q

THEORY OF DREAM:

If we are preoccupied with illness or death, sex or aggression, or moral dilemmas, we are likely to dream about them

A

DREAM AS “THE RESIDUE OF THE DAY”

54
Q

THEORY OF DREAMS:

You may recall dreams involving fantastic adventures, but most dreams involve memories of the day-gone; extension of wakefulness

A

DREAMS AS “THE RESIDUE OF THE DAY”

55
Q

THEORY OF DREAMS:

Freud theorized that dreams reflect unconscious wishes and urges. The content of dreams is symbolic of unconscious fantasized objects such as the genitals.

A

DREAMS AS THE EXPRESSION OF UNCONSCIOUS DESIRES

55
Q

THEORY OF DREAMS:

This model views that acetylcholine and the pons activate the reticular activating system, which stimulates the cortex, but not to the point of waking; the cortex then synthesizes the cognitive activity into a dream

A

THE ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS MODEL

56
Q

THEORY OF DREAMS:

This model challenges the idea that dreams always have psychological meanings and suggests that they may be more like the brain’s way of interpreting its own activity during rest

A

THE ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS MODEL

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY (7 decks)

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