WEEK 5: Perception

Question 1

Refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.

Answer 1

PERCEPTION

Question 2

The process by which sensations are organized into an inner representation of the world.

Answer 2

PERCEPTION

Question 3

Refers to the fact that perceptions are built from sensory input

Answer 3

BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING

Question 4

How we interpret sensations is influenced by our knowledge, experiences, and thoughts

Answer 4

TOP-DOWN PROCESSING

Question 5

Giving sensible meaning to everything we see, feel, touch, and so on.

Answer 5

PERCEPTION

Question 6

Relies on what properties/nature of the object/stimulus (patterns of light and dark areas)

Answer 6

BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING

Question 7

Relies on higher level information (prior knowledge and experience)

Answer 7

TOP-DOWN PROCESSING

Question 8

Looking at an image without any context, what process must we use?

Answer 8

BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING

Question 9

You use context to give meaning to an image.

Answer 9

TOP-DOWN PROCESSING

Question 10

Using models, ideas, and expectations to interpret sensory information

Answer 10

TOP-DOWN PROCESSING

Question 11

Taking sensory information and then assembling and integrating it

Answer 11

BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING

Question 12

Neurons in the sensory cortex that fire in response to specific features of sensory information such as lines or edges of objects; they help our brain recognize and understand what they’re seeing

Answer 12

FEATURE DETECTORS

Question 13

The process by which organisms become more sensitive to stimuli that are low in magnitude and less sensitive to stimuli that are constant or ongoing magnitude

Answer 13

SENSORY ADAPTATION

Question 14

Is like your brain’s way of adjusting to what it sees and feels. When something is very weak or not changing much, your brain becomes more alert to notice it. But if something stays the same, your brain becomes less interested in it.

Answer 14

SENSORY ADAPTATION

Question 15

The type of sensory adaptation in which we become more sensitive to stimuli that are low in magnitude; positive adaptation

Answer 15

SENSITIZATION

Question 16

The type of sensory adaptation in which we become less sensitive to constant stimuli; negative adaptation

Answer 16

DESENSITIZATION

Question 17

Failure to notice something that is completely visible because of a lack of attention is called…

Answer 17

INATTENTIONAL BLINDNESS

Question 18

The view that the perception of sensory stimuli involves the interaction of physical, biological, and psychological factors

Answer 18

SIGNAL-DETECTION THEORY

Question 19

Your skill in noticing something important when it’s hidden in a noisy or busy environment. It’s like finding a whisper in a loud crowd.

Answer 19

SIGNAL-DETECTION THEORY

Question 20

People’s ability to detect stimuli depends not only on the intensity of the blips, but also on their __________ or learning, ___________, and ____________ _______ such as fatigue or alertness

Answer 20

TRAINING, MOTIVATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL

Question 21

Part of the perception process, in which we focus our attention on certain incoming sensory information. We tend to only pay attention to information that we perceive to meet our needs or interests.

Answer 21

PERCEPTION SELECTIVITY

Question 22

Through this, one arranges otherwise meaningless or disorganized stimuli into meaningful patterns

Answer 22

PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION

Question 23

Perceptual Grouping: The mind groups similar elements into collective entities or totalities. This similarity depend on relationships of form, size, color, or brightness

Answer 23

LAW OF SIMILARITY

Question 24

The mind continues visual, auditory, and kinetic patterns. We link things that form a predictable pattern.

Answer 24

LAW OF CONTINUITY

Question 24

The mind may experience elements it does not perceive through sensation, in order to complete a regular figure

Answer 24

LAW OF CLOSURE

Question 25

The tendency of ambiguous perceptual experiences to pop back and forth unstable between two or more alternative interpretations

Answer 25

LAW OF MULTI-STABILITY

Question 26

The ability of the brain to perceive objects as constant and unchanged despite changes in the retinal focus

Answer 26

CONSTANCY

Question 27

A distortion in perception characterized by changes in the actual perceptual cues thereby perceiving something as improbable

Answer 27

ILLUSIONS

Question 28

The ambiguous sensory information that creates more than one good form

Answer 28

REVERSIBLE FIGURES

Question 29

The objects that can be represented in 2-dimensional pictures but cannot exist in 3-dimensional space despite our perceptions

Answer 29

IMPOSSIBLE FIGURE

Question 30

Originated in binocular disparity, the brain is used in a little degree of differences in interpreting data received from eye to perceive depth

Answer 30

DEPTH PERCEPTION

Question 31

Refers to the fact that objects moving at a constant speed across the frame will appear to move a greater amount if they are closer to an observer (or camera) than they would if they were at a greater distance

Answer 31

MOTION PARALLAX

Question 32

A type of monocular cue in which we see an object covering part of another object, giving us the sensation that the covered object is further away compared to the other

Answer 32

INTERPOSITION

Question 33

The apparent merging of two parallel lines at a distant

Answer 33

LINEAR PERSPECTIVE

Question 34

The nearer an object is to you, the more texture you can see. As object gets farther, the object appears smoother

Answer 34

TEXTURE GRADIENT

Question 35

Refers to the fact that the more distant an object, the smaller its image will be on the retina

Answer 35

RELATIVE SIZE

Question 36

Sometimes you can tell that an object is close to you because you have to pull your eyes toward the center to focus on the object. This cue to distance is known as

Answer 36

CONVERGENCE

Question 37

The phenomenon of size constancy depends on accurate judgments of the distances of objects. If we misjudge distances, we are likely to experience

Answer 37

OPTICAL ILLUSIONS