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PSYC2040 > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Cults

A

Range of definitions-

Religious worship to excessive devotion or dedication

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2
Q

Moonies

A

Korean minister Sun Myung Moon
Reverend of the “new messiah”
Mass arranged marriages
Strong political influence

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3
Q

The family (aka children of god)

A

Established by David Berg in the 1960s as the end-time prophet sent by god
New members encouraged to sever ties with family, donate all possessions and become full time evangelists
Women seduce new male recruits

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4
Q

Heaven’s gate

A

Leader Marshall Applewhite convinced 39 followers to commit suicide so their souls could ride the spaceship hiding behind the comet Hale-Bopp
Makes frank citrus juice to cleanse Theo bodies of impurities
Bodies were found covered with purple blankets and wearing brand new nike sneaker

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5
Q

Branch Davidians

A

Religious group originating from the 7th day activist church
Apocalyptic beliefs
Leader David Koresh
Compound burnt down in Texas after government raid

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6
Q

Aum Supreme Truth

A

Shoko Asohara
Peak 20000 followers, currently 7000
Sarin Attack in Tokyo

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7
Q

Solar Temple

Based off the Knights Templar from the 14th century

A

Mission to save the spiritual heritages of Earth and take it to planet Sirius
Mass suicide in Switzerland and Quebec

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8
Q

People’s Temple

A

Originally a Christian group lead by Jim Jones
Established a town in Guyana to avoid outside intervention
Deviant members were severely punished
Mass suicide by drinking poisoned Koolaid

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9
Q

Cult prevalence in the US

A

2000-5000 cults

2-5million involved with cults

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10
Q

PreCult characteristics

A

Normal people known as “seekers” seeking meaning as most feel lonely, rejected, sadness (43%), drifting, life is meaningless (41%), personal crisis (34%), actively been converted (30%)

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11
Q

Effects on current members

A

Mixed- both positive and negative effects

Well adjusted psychologically but may be misleading

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12
Q

Norms to be happy

A

Does not accurately represent the inner dynamics

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13
Q

Leaving cults

A

23% walked away
44% received exit counseling
25% were deprogrammed- holding cult member against their will and submitting them to long lectures about their group

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14
Q

Effects on former members

A
  1. Floating or dissociation (52%)
  2. Nightmares (40%)
  3. Inability to break mental rhythms of chanting (35%)
  4. Amnesia (21%)
  5. Suicidal or self harm (21%)
  6. Hallucinations/ delusions (14%)
  7. Violent outbursts (14%)
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15
Q

Effects on former members

A

Former cults members displaying clinical symptoms ranges from 27% to 95%

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16
Q

What’s the attraction to religious cults?

A
  1. Resolution of unresolved psychic needs- intimate father figure (god)
  2. Sense of meaning- seeking meaning of life and a cause
  3. Uncertainty reduction- clear set of guidelines for thinking and behaving
  4. Companionship and belonging
17
Q

Recruiting techniques

A
  1. Invitation to open your mind- refrain from being judgemental
  2. Promise of answers- diagnose inner unhappiness and promise easy solutions and quick answers
  3. Love-bombing- enthusiastic display of unconditional love and inducing feelings if guilt and norm of reciprocation
  4. Invoking a sense of similarity- reduce the sense of strangeness and difference by invoking commonalities
  5. Encourage to participate in group activities- creates emotional ties
18
Q

Tips of resistance

A
  • practice being diviant at times; learn to accept rejection
  • avoid taking uncertain actions
  • insist on an understandable explanation without double speak (sign of deception)
  • be tuned to the establishment of a host-guest relationship
  • no such thing as unconditional love from strangers
  • don’t get into total situations where there are no psychological or physical exits
  • engage your mind into critical evaluation
  • tolerate guilt as part of human nature- don’t rush to ease it via paths others lay out for you
19
Q

Brain washing

A

To radically change a mind, so that a person becomes a puppet, a human robot without being visible on the exterior

20
Q

Term “brainwashing”

A

Invented by CIA after American POWs were converted to communism during the Korean War

21
Q

CIA perspective on brainwashing

A
  1. Places in altered state of consciousness through hypnosis and physical debilitation
  2. Resulting primitive state of consciousness and highly suggestible
  3. Submit to “conditioning” for maintaining original attitudes and rewarded for taking in communist propaganda
  4. Assume new personality that governs their actions and decisions, persists indefinitely
22
Q

Alternative explanation for what happened in Korea

A

Gentle strategies to induce mild commitment to the communist cause. Trivial sentiments would be committed to paper and elaborated in such a way that the “betrayal” becomes increasingly sinister and large-scale

  • the power of commitment in gaining compliance
  • the need for people to feels they have chosen to change their attitudes
23
Q

Brainwashing in China

A 
Milieu control
Mystical manipulation 
Demand for purity 
Use of confession 
Scared science
Loading of language 
Dispensing of existence
24
Q

Milieu control

A

Limiting all forms of communication with the outside world- difficult to “reality test”

25
Q

Mystical manipulation

A

Convince that the group is working for a “higher purpose” and that they are instrumental in the attainment- they are chosen to carry out the “mystical imperative”

26
Q

Demand for purity

A

The world is divided in to the pure (good) and impure (evil)
Philosophical assumption that absolute purity is attainable and anything done in the name of this purity is moral
The manipulator become the judge of good and evil

27
Q

The use of confession

A

Effort to strive for ultimate purity- above shame and guilt
Establishing closeness with fellow confessors and surrendering to the environment
Private ownership of the mind is immoral and unnecessary

28
Q

The “sacred science”

A

An aura of sacredness built around the group- ultimate vision for humanity
Results in illusion of logic and precision

29
Q

Loading the language

A

“Thought terminating” cliché

Language is reduced to “god terms”, representing the ultimate good

30
Q

Dispensing of existence

A

A sharp line is drawn between those whose right to existence can be recognised (social class) and those who cannot (imperialists)
Non-people can become people if they reform

PSYC2040 (10 decks)

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