Week 6

Question 1

Measurement reliability meaning

Answer 1

The result is consistent (if we miss, we always shoot at the same place though)

Question 2

Measurement validity meaning

Answer 2

The result is in the correct direction

Question 3

If measurement satisfies both reliability and validity, its called:

Answer 3

Construct validity

Question 4

Ways to demonstrate measurement reliability

Answer 4

1. Test-Retest [Take IQ test, then take it a week later, did results change?]
2. Inter-rater reliability (degree of agreement between the results when two+ people (“raters”) administer the measure to the same subject (under the same conditions)) [Survey to test wether most people agree on smth]
3. Internal consistency (degree of agreement between a single measurement instrument’s different questions) [Testing trust in banks with 3 questions instead of 1]

Question 5

Cronbach’s alpha meaning

Answer 5

Ranges from 0 (Intirely unrelated), to 1 (perfectly correlated)
(If alpha is high across multiple questions - it means reliability is better). Alpha should always be above 0.7 (if sliiightly lower can be accepted but reported to readers) and below 0.95 (the questions can be too similar close to 1)

Question 6

Item-total correlation

Answer 6

correlation between one item and the sum of the other items in scale

Question 7

Providing precedence meaning

Answer 7

Referring to other (high-quality) studies that have used the same measurement instrument to measure this particular variable.

Question 8

Internal validity meaning

Answer 8

The extent to which a study can eliminate alternative explanations for the association(s) it reports. (Control ove confounding variables)

Question 9

External validity meaning

Answer 9

how well the findings of a study are generalizable to a broader population (Generalizability)