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Health 230 - Wks 4-8 > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

erikson’s third stage (brain growth and emotional development)

A
  • initiative vs. guilt
  • initiative and industry develop along with the brain
  • 10-15% of the brain is still developing
  • myelination in the limbic system
  • growth of the prefrontal cortex
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2
Q

limbic system

A

the brain’s center of emotion, memory, & motivation

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3
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

center of executive function

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4
Q

what are the two types of motivation

A
  • intrinsic
  • extrinsic
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5
Q

intrinsic

A
  • comes from within the person
  • ex. Schroeder loves to play beethoven on his piano, he practices all the time
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6
Q

extrinsic

A
  • comes from outside of the person
  • ex. for every “A” he earns on a school assignment, Jesse’s parents pay him a dollar
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7
Q

parten’s stages of play

A
  1. solitary
  2. onlooker
  3. parallel
  4. associative
  5. cooperative
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8
Q

solitary

A

plays alone

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9
Q

onlooker

A

watches other children play

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10
Q

parallel

A

plays alongside, but not with, other children

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11
Q

associative

A

children play together but don’t take turns

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12
Q

cooperative

A

children play together, taking turns or creating dramas

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13
Q

what are the effects at age 5 for long screen times

A
  • disrupted interactions with caregivers
  • lower cognitive and emotional development
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14
Q

What is the American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommended screen time for 2-6 yrs old

A

1 hour or less per day

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15
Q

what were the effects of covid-19 on children

A
  • higher screen time
  • lower learning
  • lower play
  • lower socialization
  • lower physical activity
    higher parental stress
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16
Q

what are the four parenting styles

A
  • authoritarian
  • permissive
  • authoritative
  • neglectful
17
Q

authoritarian

A
  • low warmth
  • strict, often physical
  • high expectations of maturity
  • high communication from parent to child
  • low communication from child to parent
18
Q

permissive

A
  • high warmth
  • rare discipline
  • low expectations of maturity
  • low communication of parent to child
  • high communication of child to parent
19
Q

-authoritative

A
  • high warmth
  • moderate, with much discussion
  • moderate expectations of maturity
  • high communication of parent to child
  • high communications of child to parent
20
Q

neglectful

A
  • low warmth
  • rare discipline
  • inconsistent expectations of maturity
  • low communication of parent to child
  • low communication of child to parent
21
Q

major health problems in middle childhood

A
  • obesity
  • asthma
22
Q

piaget’s concrete operational stage

A
  • children are buckling down to hard work of thinking
  • still very concrete & fact-focused
23
Q

what are the task mastery for piaget’s concrete operations stage

A
  • conservation
  • classification
  • seriation
24
Q

classification

A

sorting things into categories and levels

25
Q

seriation

A

can understand math and number lines

26
Q

piaget’s theory of learning

A

children discover concepts on their own

27
Q

vygotsky’s theory of learning

A
  • children need scaffolded mentoring
  • every experience is an educational oppurtunity
28
Q

language by age 6

A
  • children understand all the parts of speech
  • can form long sentences
  • can adjust their language to the context (pragmatics)
29
Q

memory

A
  • working memory
  • children think about what they want to remember
  • important in learning to read
  • learning, experience, memory develop to knowledge base
  • able to use mnemonics
  • able to devise memorization strategies
30
Q

code mixing

A

mixing two languages in one conversation

31
Q

code switching

A

speaking one language at home, the other at school

32
Q

learning language in first 3 yrs of life

A

no brain differences between bilingual and monolingual children

33
Q

learning 2nd language age 4 through adolescence

A
  • brains change - left side of cerebral cortex thickens
  • high reason & low emotion when asked to reason in 2nd language
34
Q

academic achievement & SES

A
  • children from lower-SES families use smaller vocabularies, simpler grammar, shorter sentences
  • caregivers may speak and read less to their young children
  • children observe and imitate
35
Q

maternal education

A
  • speaking and reading to children
  • cultural enrichment
  • family time and routines
  • encourage relatives, friends, even strangers to converse with the child

Health 230 - Wks 4-8 (4 decks)

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