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Fundementals Musculoskeletal > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of joint is the shoulder joint?

A

Ball and socket joint

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2
Q

Characteristics of the shoulder joint

A
  • one of the most mobile yet unstable joints in the body
  • Movement in 3 planes
    Sagittal, frontal, transverse
    3 degrees of freedom
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3
Q

What is the function of the rotator cuff?

A
  • Helps to rotate the shoulder against the glenoid fossa during shoulder motion
  • Stabilize the head of humerus during shoulder joint motion
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4
Q

True or false: the rotator cuff is more a generator of rotation than a facilitator of rotation

A

False

More facilitators of rotation as opposed to generators of rotation

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5
Q

What is the origin of the anterior deltoid?

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

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6
Q

What is the insertion of the anterior deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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7
Q

What is the action that the anterior deltoid performs?

A
  • Abduction
  • Flexion
  • Medial rotation
  • Horizontal adduction
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8
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the anterior deltoid

A

Front portion of deltoid fibres

Deltoid is its own antagonist

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9
Q

What is the origin of the middle deltoid?

A

Acromion process

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the middle deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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11
Q

What action does the middle deltoid perform?

A

Abduction

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12
Q

What is the origin of the posterior deltoid?

A

Spine of scapula

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the posterior deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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14
Q

What action does the posterior deltoid perform?

A
  • Abduction
  • Extension
  • Hyperextension
  • Lateral rotation
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15
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the posterior deltoid?

A
  • Back portion of deltoid fibres

-Runs on a diagonal (obliquely)

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16
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis major?

A

Medial 1/3 clavicle

Sternum

Costal cartilage of ribs 1-6

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17
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A

Bicipital groove (lateral lip)

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18
Q

What action does the pectoralis major perform?

A

Shoulder flexion (first 60 degrees)

-Shoulder extension (first 60 degrees)

-Adduction

  • Medial rotation

-Horizontal adduction

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19
Q

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Spinous process of T7-L5
  • posterior sacrum
  • iliac crest
  • lower 3 ribs
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20
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Bicipital groove

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21
Q

What action does the latissimus dorsi perform?

A
  • Shoulder extension
  • Adduction
  • Medial rotation
  • Hyperextension*
22
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Broad, sheet-like muscle
Superficial

23
Q

What is the origin of the teres major?

A

Inferior lateral border of scapula

24
Q

What is the insertion of the teres major?

A

Bicipital groove, below lst tubercle under latissimus dorsi

25
Q

What action does the teres major perform?

A

Extension, adduction, and medial rotation

26
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the teres major?

A
  • Follows latissimus dorsi to humerus

Nicknamed as latissimus dorsi’s little helper

27
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SITS muscle

S - supraspinatus
I - infraspinatus
T – teres minor
S – subscapularis

28
Q

What is the origin of the supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous fossa

29
Q

What is the insertion of the supraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle

30
Q

What action does the supraspinatus perform?

A

Abduction and stabilizes shoulder

31
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the supraspinatus?

A

Above the spine

Passes underneath acromion to its insertion

doesn’t generate rotation

Initiates abduction (helps it get started before deltoid takes over)

All rotator cuff muscles are weak

32
Q

What is the origin of the infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinous fossa

33
Q

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?

A

Greater tubercle

34
Q

What action does the infraspinatus perform?

A

lateral rotation and horizontal abduction

35
Q

What is the origin of the teres minor?

A

Lateral border of scapula

36
Q

What is the insertion of the teres minor?

A

Greater tubercle

37
Q

What action does the teres minor perform?

A

lateral rotation and horizontal abduction

38
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the teres minor?

A

Very similar to infraspinatus

Attaches to back part of humerus just below infraspinatus

39
Q

What is the origin of the subscapularis?

A

Subscapular fossa

40
Q

What is the insertion of the subscapularis?

A

Lesser tubercle

41
Q

What action does the subscapularis perform?

A

Medial rotation of humerus

42
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the subscapularis?

A

Starts out on the anterior side of the scapula

Horizontal line of pull –> prime mover for medial rotation as it inserts on lesser tubercle

43
Q

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis?

A

coracoid process

44
Q

What is the insertion of the coracobrachialis?

A

medial humerus halfway down

45
Q

What action does the coracobrachilais perform?

A

Stabilizes shoulder

Assists in flexion

46
Q

What are some characteristics/functions of the coracobrachialis?

A

Weak flexor

Vertical line of pull

47
Q

What is the difference between a first class, second class, and third class lever?

A

First class lever: has the fulcrum in the middle

Second class lever: have the load in the middle

Third class lever: has the effort in the middle

Levers: refer to a bone

Fulcrum: refers to the joint that is formed by the connection between two or more bones.

Effort: refers to the force generated by the contraction of the muscles in the lever system

48
Q

What is the most popular type of lever in the body?

A

Third class levers

49
Q

What is a force arm?

A

the distance between the point where the force or effort is applied and the axis. Also called moment arm

50
Q

What is a resistance arm?

A

the distance between the point where the resistance or load is applied and the axis.

51
Q

What is a joint capsule made of?

A
  • Thin wall
  • Outer fibrous membrane
  • Inner synovial membrane
  • Attaches around rim of glenoid fossa and anatomical neck of humerus

Fundementals Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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