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Fundementals Musculoskeletal > Week 13 > Flashcards

Week 13 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Origin:
Medial and lateral condyles

Insertion:
Calcaneus

Action:
- Plantarflexion
- Knee flexion (and sometimes extension)
- Fast twitch

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Soleus?

A

Origin:
Posterior tibia and fibula

Insertion:
Calcaneus

Action:
- Mainly plantarflexion
- Posture
- Slow twitch

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Tibialis posterior?

A

Origin:
- Tibia
- Fibula

Insertion:
- Navicular
- Metatarsals and tarsals

Action:
- Inversion
- Assists in plantarflexion

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Flexor hallucis longus?

A

Origin:
Fibula

Insertion:
Distal phalanx of 1st toe

Action:
- Flexion of 1st toe
- Assists in inversion and plantarflexion of ankle

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5
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Flexor digitorum longus?

A

Origin:
Posterior tibia

Insertion:
Distal phalanx of toes 2-5

Action:
Flexion of toes 2-5
Assists in inversion and plantarflexion of ankle

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6
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Tibialis anterior?

A

Origin:
Anterior tibia

Insertion:
- 1st cuneiform
- Base of 1st metatarsal

Action:
- Ankle inversion and dorsiflexion

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7
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Extensor digitorum longus?

A

Origin:
- Anterior fibula
- Tibia

Insertion:
Distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Action:
- Extension of toes 2-5
- Dorsiflexion

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8
Q

What are the muscles of the “Lateral group”?

A

1) Peroneus longus
2) Peroneus brevis
3) Peroneus tertius

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9
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Peroneus longus?

A

Origin:
Lateral proximal fibula

Insertion:
Plantar surface of 1st metacarpal and 1st cuneiform

Action:
- Ankle eversion
- Assists in plantar flexion

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10
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Peroneus brevis?

A

Origin:
Distal fibula

Insertion:
Base of 5th metatarsal

Action:
- Ankle eversion
- Assists in plantar flexion

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11
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Peroneus tertius?

A

Origin:
Distal medial fibula

Insertion:
Base of 5th metatarsal

Action:
Assistive in eversion and dorsiflexion of ankle

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12
Q

What are the joint motions of the ankle, and in what planes do they move in?

A
  • Plantar flexion/dorsiflexion (sagittal plane)

-Inversion/eversion (frontal plane)

  • Adduction/abduction (transverse plane)
  • Supination (plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction)

-Pronation (dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction)

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13
Q

What are the joints involved in the foot? What movements do they perform?

A

1) Metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP)
–> Flexion/extension/ hyperextension/adduction and abduction

2) Proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP)

3) Distal interphalangeal joints (DIP)
–> Flexion and extension

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14
Q

What are the ligaments involved in the ankle?

A

1) Deltoid ligament
–> 4 parts

2) Lateral ligament
–> 3 parts

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15
Q

What is the superficial posterior group of muscles of the ankle and foot?

A

1) Gastrocnemius

2) Soleus

3) Plantaris

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16
Q

Characteristics of the gastrocnemius?

A
  • 2-headed muscle
  • Superficial
  • Inserts into heel via Achillies (or calcaneal) tendon
17
Q

Characteristics of the Soleus?

A
  • 1 joint muscle
  • Deep to gastrocs
  • Inserts into heel via Achillies (or calcaneal) tendon along with gastrocs
18
Q

What is the deep posterior group of muscles of the ankle and foot?

A

1) Tibialis posterior

2) Flexor hallucis longus

3) Flexor digitorum longus

19
Q

‘Hallucis’ means what?

A

Big toe

20
Q

Characteristics of the Tibialis posterior?

A

Deepest posterior muscle

21
Q

‘Digitorum’ means what?

A

toes (but not big toe)

22
Q

What is the anterior group of muscles of the ankle and foot?

A

1) Tibialis anterior

2) Extensor hallucis longus

3) Extensor digitorum longus

23
Q

Characteristics of the Tibialis anterior?

A

Can feel just lateral to tibial crest (shin bone)

24
Q

Characteristics of the Extensor digitorum longus?

A

Most lateral of anterior leg muscles

25
Q

What is the lateral group of muscles of the ankle and foot?

A

1) Peroneus longus

2) Peroneus brevis

3)Peroneus tertius

26
Q

Characteristics of the Peroneus longus?

A
  • Most superficial of peroneal muscles
  • Loops around lateral malleolus and heads under the foot (plantar side)
27
Q

Characteristics of the Peroneus brevis?

A

Deep to peroneus longus

28
Q

Characteristics of the Peroneus tertius?

A

Not everyone has it!

  • Relatively weak –> so only assistive actions

Fundementals Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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