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Neuropsychology > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is object recognition?

A

very rapid, effortless, accurate

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2
Q

What are the different changes on perspective?

A

Position & size
visible surface
Level of illumination
Shadows

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3
Q

What is representation equal to?

A

match to objects representation stored in memory

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4
Q

What does perceptual organisation depend on?

A

Identify edges and uniform regions
figure/ground
fill missing edges and surfaces

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5
Q

What is not critical to recognition?

A

Colour and texture

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6
Q

What is important for recognition?

A

Shape

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7
Q

What is information does colour provide?

A

Identify relevant to object behaviour

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8
Q

What are the restricted 3D shapes called?

A

Geons

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9
Q

What are Geons?

A

Viewpoint invariant

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10
Q

What is a structural description ?

A

representation of goons and their spatial relations

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11
Q

What is the view-based theories?

A

Encoding objects as they appear from a particular view-point

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12
Q

what is stored representation of using views for recognition?

A

Unfamiliar views require transformation to match to a stored view

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13
Q

What is the best angle of recognition?

A

anything within a 40 degree angle of trained viewpoint

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14
Q

What neurones respond differently from different viewpoints?

A

Inferotemporal cortex

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15
Q

What are the clues from the brain?

A

they are in the Visual hierarchy

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16
Q

Representation of Shape is richer in ____ than ____ .

A

V4 , V1

Inferotemporal , V4

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17
Q

Neurones become more selective for :

A

more complex shapes

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18
Q

What are the two descriptions for inferotemporal representation

A

set of part and their spatial relations

but also view specific

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19
Q

Whats the combination of recognition in regards to resolution?

A

Complexity and familiarity

View- based and structural description

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20
Q

what are object decoding methods?

A

fMRI

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21
Q

What is a grandmother cell

A

a single cell might respond to one and only one objects or person

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22
Q

What is an example of a Conceptual grandmother cell?

A

a cell for only one object eg word

23
Q

Are there grandmother cells in the medial temporal lobe?

A

there are Sparse coding but they are not grandmother cells

24
Q

What is sparse coding?

A

the same percept is represented by smaller neuronal ensembles, the members of which respond in an explicit manner to specific features, objects or concepts
majority of neurones are silent for anyone object

25
Q

the probiblty of finding one cell that responds only to one person or object is :

A

very small

26
Q

each cell responds to how many objects or people?

A

50-150 objects/people

27
Q

What is not necessary for visual recognition?

A

Medial temporal lobe

28
Q

What is DNN stand for?

A

Deep neural networks

29
Q

What does DNN mean?

A

multiple level neural network that can be trained to recognition objects

30
Q

What happens overtime with DNN?

A

the network can recognise new objects perspectives

31
Q

What does visual agnosia ?

A

impart in deriving the mean of a visually rested stimulus

32
Q

What is a visual agnosia example?

A

can describe but don’t know what it is

33
Q

What does visual agnosia incorporate?

A

can recognise objects via other sensory modalities, but has no language impairment

34
Q

What is Prosopagnosia?

A

A selective agnosia

35
Q

What are the levels of recognition?

A

superordinate - level category
Every - level category
subordinate - level category

36
Q

What does superordinate - level category involve ?

A

A more general term for an object

37
Q

What does every - level category involve?

A

the first thing that comes to mind when identifying and object

38
Q

What does subordinate - level category involve?

A

a specific term for an object.

39
Q

Acquired prosopagnosia?

A

Person was able to recognise faces prior to suffering a brain injury

40
Q

What are lesions?

A

Generally located in ventral occipitotemporal cortex

41
Q

how can lesions occur?

A

Results from unilateral right hemisphere lesions

42
Q

what is Congenital prosopagnosia ?

A

failed to develop adequate face recognition skills naturally

43
Q

What is Congenital prosopagnosia misdiagnosed as?

A

behavioural problems or autistic tendencies

44
Q

what is Specialisation modularity?

A

cells respond selectivity to specific stimulus characterises

45
Q

What is modularity ?

A

cells that respond to similar stimulus characteristics

46
Q

Where are modularity located ?

A

located in potentially identifiable area of the brain

47
Q

How are modularity located?

A

fMRI

48
Q

Bodies >

A

faces + houses

49
Q

Faces >

A

bodies + houses

50
Q

Houses >

A

bodies + faces

51
Q

What does FFA stand for?

A

Fusiform Face Area

52
Q

What is FFA?

A

a small region found on the inferior (bottom) surface of the temporal lobe

53
Q

What is subtraction method ?

A

comparing brain activity: one with and one without the mental process of interest.
The difference between regions activated by the mental process.

Neuropsychology (12 decks)

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