Week 5 - THE TEXAS JUDICIAL BRANCH Flashcards
What is criminal law?
Deals with actions against the state or public, punishable by fines, imprisonment, or both.
What is civil law?
Deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, often resulting in monetary compensation.
What is the standard of proof in criminal law cases?
Beyond a reasonable doubt.
What is the standard of proof in civil law cases?
Preponderance of the evidence.
What is a plea bargain?
Agreement where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge for a lighter sentence.
What is a bench trial?
A trial without a jury, where the judge decides the verdict.
What is a felony?
A serious crime, punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death.
What is a misdemeanor?
A less serious crime, punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than one year.
What is the purpose of a grand jury?
To determine if there is enough evidence to indict a person and proceed to trial.
What are the qualifications to be a judge on the Texas Supreme Court?
At least 35 years old, a U.S. citizen, a Texas resident, and 10 years of experience as a lawyer or judge.
What are the qualifications to be a judge on the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals?
Same as Supreme Court.
What are the qualifications to be a judge on the Texas Court of Appeals?
Same as Supreme Court.
What is jurisdiction?
The authority to hear and settle legal matters.
What is appellate jurisdiction?
The authority to review decisions of lower courts.
What is the jurisdiction of the Texas Supreme Court?
Highest court for civil matters.
What is the jurisdiction of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals?
Highest court for criminal matters.
What is the jurisdiction of the Texas Court of Appeals?
Intermediate appellate courts handling civil and criminal cases from district and county courts.
What is the jurisdiction of Texas District Courts?
Handle serious criminal cases, major civil cases, family law, and juvenile matters.
What is the jurisdiction of Texas Statutory County Courts?
Handle less serious criminal and civil cases, probate matters, and administrative law.
What is the jurisdiction of Texas Statutory Probate Courts?
Handle matters related to wills, estates, and guardianships.
What is the jurisdiction of Texas Justice of the Peace Courts?
Handle minor civil and criminal matters, including small claims and misdemeanor cases.
What is the jurisdiction of Texas Municipal Courts?
Handle violations of city ordinances and minor criminal cases.
