WEEK 5: The central nervous system Flashcards
Name and explain the lobes in the brain
- frontal: motor control
- parietal: somatosensory control
- temporal: hearing
- occipital: vision
what is the brief function of broca’s and wernikes area?
Broca’s: fluent speaking
Wernickes: comprehending speech
what are the meninges
this is connective tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord
Name and describe the layers of the meninges
Dura Mater: - outermost layer, tough connective tissue - Double layer: outer- periosteal, inner- menningeal Arachnoid Mater: - middle layer, loose CT covering - resembles a spider web Pia Mater: - inner most layer, delicate CT - clings onto the brain
What is the function of each of the layers of the meninges?
Dura Mater: - protect brain and spinal cord and limits excessive movement Arachnoid Mater: - hold cerbospinal fluid Pia Mater - folds to brain surface - carries blood vessels
what is cerbospinal fluid?
this is fluid located in the arachnoid mater which acts as a cushion or buffer for the brain, providing basic protection. (shock absorber)
Use the diagram to locate grey matter in the spinal cord, along with dorsal, ventral and lateral horns.
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what are the spinal cord segments
Cervical (C1-C8) Thoracic (T1-T12) Lumbar (L1-L5) Sacral (S1-S5) Cocygeal
why are there some enlarged discs in the vertebrae?
- more cell bodies in the grey matter
- more neurons enter/exit here
- supply innervation to/from the limbs
what are the Horns in the grey matter and what type of neurons do they carry?
Dorsal Horn: Sensory - GSA - GVA (less common) Lateral Horn: Visceral - GVE Ventral Horn: somatic motor neurons - GSE
what is the difference between grey and white matter?
grey matter contains synapses and cell bodies while white matter contains axons and neurons
what are the three pathways in the nervous system/
Dorsal/medial leminscal column
Lateral spinal thalamic pathway
Corticospinal pathway
Describe what each neural pathway controls in the body
Dorsal/medial leminscal column: - fine/discriminative touch -pressure -proprioception (sense of position) Lateral spinal thalamic pathway: - pain -temperature Corticospinal pathway: - voluntary movement
Annotate the diagram and identify which is the:
Dorsal/medial leminscal column
Lateral spinal thalamic pathway
Corticospinal pathway
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state whether each neural pathway is ascending or descending?
Dorsal/medial leminscal column: Ascending
Lateral spinal thalamic pathway: Ascending
Corticospinal pathway: Descending
