Week 5 Lab: Specimen Collection Flashcards
usually collected early in the morning but can be collected throughout the day during scheduled “sweeps” (collection times) on the floors or from outpatients
Routine Samples
Means “as soon as possible.” The response time for the collection of this test sample is determined by each hospital or clinic and may vary by laboratory tests.
ASAP Samples
sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately
Stat Samples
npo (non per orem); “nothing by mouth”
Fasting Sample
Types of Sample?
- Fasting Sample
- Timed Samples
- Blood Culture
Fasting Samples are used for what test?
- FBS
- Lipid Profile
Timed Samples are used for what test?
- Glucose Tolerance Tests
- 2-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
- Lactose Tolerance Test
Liquid portion of unclotted blood, with anticoagulant, contains albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
Plasma
Liquid portion of clotted blood, without anticoagulant, contains albumin and globulin
Serum
Blood is collected directly into the evacuated tube, eliminating the need for the transfer of specimens and minimizing the risk of biohazard exposure.
Evacuated Tube System
Evacuated Tube System includes what materials?
- Double-pointed needle
- Needle holder
- Color-coded evacuated tubes
refers to the diameter of the needle bore
Needle gauge
Relationship between the gauge number and the diameter of the needle?
The smaller the gauge number the bigger the diameter of the needle. (and vice versa; indirectly proportional)
made of rigid plastic and may be designed to act as a safety shield for the used needle
Needle Holders
This organization directs that holders must be discarded with the used needle.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
To protect phlebotomists from accidental needlesticks by contaminated needles.
Needle Disposal Systems
Needle Disposal Systems should be?
Rigid, puncture-resistant, leakproof disposable “sharps” containers labeled BIOHAZARD that are easily sealed and locked when full.
Evacuated tubes are also known as?
Vacutainers
Vacutainers are available in?
glass and plastic
The amount of blood collected in an evacuated tube ranges from _____________ and is determined by the size of the tube and the amount of vacuum present.
1.8 to 15 mL
Order of Draw?
- Blood cultures (yellow stopper tubes, culture bottles)
- Light blue stopper tubes (sodium citrate)
- Red/gray, gold stopper tubes (serum separator tubes), red stopper plastic tubes (clot activator), and red-stopper glass tubes
- Green stopper tubes and light green (plasma separator tubes) (heparin)
- Lavender stopper tubes (EDTA)
- Gray stopper tubes (potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride)
- Yellow/gray or orange stopper tubes (thrombin clot activator)
Syringe routinely used for venipuncture range from?
2 to 20 mL
For single draw and for drawing blood from patients with small or fragile veins.
Syringe
True or false: Blood drawn in a syringe is immediately transferred to the appropriate evacuated tubes to prevent the formation of clots.
True
True or false: It is acceptable to puncture the rubber stopper with the syringe needle and allow the blood to be drawn into the tube.
False
for performing venipuncture from very small or very fragile veins often seen in children and in the geriatric population
Winged Blood Collection Set
True or false: Always hold the apparatus by the needle wings and not by the tubing.
True
Other Venipuncture Equipment?
- Tourniquets
- Vein locating devices
- 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine swabs
- 2x2 inch gauze pads
- Bandage or adhesive tape
- Phlebotomy collection tray
- Slides
- Antimicrobial hand gel
- Marking pen
Types of gloves?
- powdered and powder-free
- latex and nonlatex (vinyl, nitrile, neoprene, and polyethylene)
True or false: Gloves with powder are recommended.
False
__________ can be worn under latex gloves for persons that develop an allergic dermatitis to gloves.
Cotton glove liners
Used for locating veins that are not easily visible such as in infant, pediatric, and elderly patients.
Vein Locating Devices
use high-intensity LED lights that shine through the patient’s subcutaneous tissue; highlight the veins by absorbing the light rather than reflecting it
Venoscope II & Neonatal Transilluminator
True or false: You can extract blood from patients while they are receiving intravenous medication because these solutions will not influence the chemical analysis.
False. Do not extract blood from patients while they are receiving intravenous medication because these solutions may influence the chemical analysis.
Never draw out the syringe without removing first the tourniquet to avoid?
hematoma
Avoid prolonged application of tourniquet to avoid?
hemoconcentration
Whole Blood has?
Plasma and formed elements
True or false: Needles should be visually examined before use to determine if any structural defects, such as nonbeveled points or bent shafts, are present.
True
It contains a premeasured amount of vacuum for blood collection.
Evacuated tubes/Vacutainers
The Order of Draw is recommended by which organization?
CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute)
