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Week 3 Lab: Basic Lab Supplies Flashcards

1
Q

Steps in using the spectrophotometer?

A
  1. Switch on
  2. Warm up
  3. Set Mode
  4. Set Wavelength
  5. Blank
  6. Read Standard/Unknown
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2
Q

Uses of centrifuge?

A
  • Remove cellular elements from blood (serum/plasma)
  • Concentrate cellular elements for microscopic examination
  • Remove precipitated protein
  • Separate CHON bound/Ab-bound ligand
  • Extract solutes from aqueous to organic solvents
  • Separate lipid components
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3
Q

Types of centrifuge?

A
  • Fixed-angle head/Angle-head
  • Swinging-bucket type/Horizontal head
  • Ultracentrifuge
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4
Q

Speed of the centrifuge should be checked at least once every?

A

3 months

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5
Q

Used for quality control of centrifuge?

A
  • Tachometer
  • Strobe light
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6
Q

Centrifuge timer should be checked ________ against a reference timer.

A

weekly

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7
Q

Centrifuge temperature should be checked when?

A

monthly

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8
Q

Centrifuge rpm and minutes?

A

1000-1200 x g , 10 + 5 mins

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9
Q

Fixed angle centrifuge is used for?

A

Rapid sedimentation

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10
Q

Ultracentrifuge rpm?

A

90,000 – 100,000 rpm (178,000 x g)

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11
Q

Parts of a centrifuge?

A

Power switch, timer, speed control, brake, tachometer, alarm, safety latch

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12
Q

Temperature of Refrigerated Centrifuge?

A

-15 to 25 degrees C

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13
Q

Centrifuge: tubes with tapered bottoms?

A

formation of more compact pellets

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14
Q

True or false: In centrifuge, tubes must fit snuggly in the carriers.

A

True

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15
Q

What will happen if the top of the tubes protrudes too far?

A

impede rotor

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16
Q

In using the centrifuge, you must observe?

A

proper balancing

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17
Q

Pipet classification according to design?

A
  1. To contain
  2. To deliver
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18
Q

Pipet classification according to drainage characteristics?

A
  1. Blowout
  2. Self-draining
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19
Q

Pipet classification according to type (measuring/graduated)?

A
  1. Serologic
  2. Mohr
  3. Bacteriologic
  4. Ball, Kolmer, or Kahn
  5. Micropipet
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20
Q

Pipet classification according to type (transfer)?

A
  1. Volumetric
  2. Ostwald-Folin
  3. Pasteur pipets
  4. Automatic macropipets or micropipets
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21
Q

holds a particular volume but does not dispense that exact volume

A

TC (To contain) Pipette

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22
Q

calibrated by introducing the exact weight of mercury required to give the desired volume at a specific temperature

A

TC (To contain) Pipette

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23
Q

mercury does not wet glass and pipettes calibrated this way will contain but not deliver the stated volume

A

TC (To contain) Pipette

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24
Q

dispense the indicated volume

A

TD (To deliver) Pipette

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25
Q

calibrated by weighing the volume of water that will flow from them by gravity

A

TD (To deliver) Pipette

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26
Q

rate of delivery must never be hastened by blowing

A

TD (To deliver) Pipette

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27
Q

same as TD pipette but drops remaining at the tip after delivery is blown out to receiving vessel

A

“To Blow-Out” Pipette

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28
Q

an etched ring is seen near the mouthpiece

A

“To Blow-Out” Pipette

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29
Q

the user allows the contents of the pipette to drain by gravity

A

Self Draining pipette

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30
Q

has the greatest degree of accuracy and precision

A

Volumetric or transfer Pipette

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31
Q

designed to dispense one volume c/o further subdivisions

A

Volumetric or transfer Pipette

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32
Q

calibrated to deliver a fixed volume of liquid

A

Volumetric or transfer Pipette

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33
Q

has a bulb between mouthpiece and tip that decreases surface area/unit volume and diminished error from water film

A

Volumetric or transfer Pipette

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34
Q

Is volumetric or transfer pipette self-draining or blowout?

A

self-draining

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35
Q

used in measuring viscous fluids such as whole blood

A

Ostwald-Folin Pipette

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36
Q

measures smaller volume (2.0 mm or less)

A

Ostwald-Folin Pipette

37
Q

Where is the bulb located in Ostwald-Folin pipette?

A

has a bulb near the tip

38
Q

Where is the etch mark located in Ostwald-Folin pipette?

A

ring near mouthpiece

39
Q

used with biologic fluids having a viscosity greater than that of water

A

Ostwald-Folin Pipette

40
Q

Is Ostwald-Folin Pipette self-draining or blowout?

A

blow-out pipette

41
Q

used to deliver an amount of liquid contained between two calibration on marks

A

Graduated or Measuring Pipette

42
Q

Type of pipette wherein the rate of fall of liquid is much too fast.

A

Serologic Pipette

43
Q

Where is the etched band located in Serologic Pipette?

A

has an etched band on the suction piece

44
Q

has calibration marks to the tip

A

Serologic Pipette

45
Q

Is Serologic Pipette self-draining or blowout?

A

blow-out pipette

46
Q

calibration lies between two marks on the stem

A

Mohr Pipette

47
Q

no graduations to the tip

A

Mohr Pipette

48
Q

Is Mohr Pipette self-draining or blowout?

A

self-draining pipette

49
Q

“To contain” pipette which is calibrated with mercury

A

Micropipettes

50
Q

Type of pipette wherein the entire content of the pipette must be emptied

A

Micropipettes

51
Q

used when small amount of blood or specimen is needed (< 1 ml)

A

Micropipettes

52
Q

no calibration; for biologic fluid w/o specific volume

A

Pasteur Pipette

53
Q

is by far the most routinely used pipette

A

Automatic Pipette

54
Q

Automatic Pipette for > 1ml?

55
Q

Automatic Pipette for < 1ml?

56
Q

Advantages of Automatic Pipette?

A
  • time savings
  • safety
  • stability
  • ease of use
  • increase in precision
  • lack of required cleaning
57
Q

tips (contaminated) are often disposable

A

Automatic Pipette

58
Q

Types of Automatic Pipette?

A
  • Air Displacement
  • Positive Displacement
  • Dispenser/ Dilutor
59
Q

relies on a piston for creating suction to draw the sample into a disposable tip

A

Air-displacement pipette

60
Q

the piston does not come in contact with the liquid

A

Air-displacement pipette

61
Q

operates by moving the piston in the pipette tip or barrel

A

Positive displacement pipette

62
Q

obtains liquid from a common reservoir

A

Dispenser/Dilutor

63
Q

Designed for use with air-displacement pipette

A

Pipette tips

64
Q

Positive displacement pipettes use tips made up of?

A

straight columns of glass or plastics

65
Q

Steps in using Class A Pipettes?

A
  1. Depress the piston up to the first stop position
  2. Tip is placed in the liquid
  3. Piston is slowly allowed to rise back to original position
  4. Pipet tip is drawn up the sidewall of the vessel
  5. Place on the wall of the receiving vessel
66
Q

Quality Control used to verify pipette volume accuracy and precision

A

Gravimetric and spectrometric method

67
Q

used to compare the reproducibility of brands of pipette tips

A

0.1% phenol red solution in distilled water

68
Q

cleaning solution for glasswares

A

Acid dichromate and nitric acid

69
Q

Beakers should be made of glass that is resistant to?

A

many chemicals used and resistant to heat

70
Q

used for general mixing and reagent preparation

71
Q

wide, straight-sided cylindrical vessels and are available in many sizes in several forms

72
Q

used to measure volumes of liquids when high degree of accuracy is not essential

A

Graduated Measuring Cylinders

73
Q

pear-shaped flasks

A

Volumetric Flasks

74
Q

have one calibration mark on narrow part of the neck

A

Volumetric Flasks

75
Q

used to contain a specific amount or volume of liquid

A

Volumetric Flasks

76
Q

Analytical Balance precision is up to?

A

1/1000 of a gram

77
Q

Types of analytical balance?

A

manual (mechanical) or electronic

78
Q

Rough or Platform Balance precision is up to?

79
Q

Examples of Rough or Platform Balance?

A
  1. Torsion Balance - for weighing chemicals
  2. Triple Beam Balance - three beams are present in the balance
80
Q

is the process of using centrifugal force to separate the lighter portions of a solution,
mixture, or suspension from the heavier portions

A

Centrifugation

81
Q

the force required to separate two phases

A

RCF – relative centrifugal force

82
Q

RCF of centrifuge

A

1.118x10-5 x r x rpm2

83
Q

Factors affecting RCF of centrifuge?

A
  1. Rotor speed
  2. Radius of the rotor
  3. Effective path length (depth of the liquid)
84
Q

thermometer for total immersion and partial immersion

A

liquid-in-glass thermometers

85
Q

method of thermometer immersion for monitoring freezers and refrigerators

A

Total immersion

86
Q

method of thermometer for heating blocks and water bath

A

Partial immersion

87
Q

Freezing-point depression osmometers are called?

A

Thermistors

88
Q

Thermometer calibration

A
  1. NIST SRM® 934 thermometer or a NIST SRM® 1968 gallium melting point cell
  2. SRM® 934 –> International Temperature Scale 1990 (ITS-90) at 0° C, 25° C, 30° C, and 37° C
  3. Gallium melting point cell –> 25g of very pure gallium metal that has a single fixed melting point at 29.7646° C (as defined by ITS-90)
  4. Temperature monitoring devices should be verified for accuracy at 6- or 12-month intervals

CCHM (4 decks)

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