Week 5 - Host Defense Flashcards
what fat is recommended to boost host defence
unsaturated fat
what do fruits and veggies provide other than nutrients to promote health
phytochemicals that combine synergistically
what grain should be the majority of your grain choices
whole grains
what foods and nutritents are best for host defence
fruits and veg high in potassium
milk or substitutes high in calcium and magnesium
low fat
high in fibre (whole grains, legumes, fruit and veg)
ample fluids
5 leading causes of death, and which are diet related
Cancer (diet)
Diseases of the heart (diet)
Cerebrovascular Diseases/stroke (diet)
Accidents (unintended injuries)
Chronic Lower Respiratory Diseases (other causes)
Diabetes Mellitus (diet)
how does protein energy undernutriton impact the skin
thins the skin with less connective tissue that is barrier for underlying tissues, delays skin sensitivity reaction to antigens
how does protein energy undernutriton impact the body linings/digestive tract
antibody secretions and immune cell numbers reduced by lack of protein
how does protein energy undernutriton impact the lymph tisses
immune system organs are reduce in size; cells of immune defence are depleted
how does protein energy undernutriton impact the general response of the body
invader kill time is prolonged; circulating immunes cells are reduced; immune response is impaired
Nonspecific innate immunity can be characterized as a
multifaceted system of defenses that targets invading pathogens in a nonspecific manner; three types, physical, chemical and cellular
physical defenses
physical barriers, mechanical defenses, microbiome
chemical defenses
chemical and enzymes in body fluids
antimicrobial peptides
plasma protein mediators
cytokines
inflammation-eliciting mediators
cellular defenses
granulocytes
agranulocytes
artherosclerosis
hardening of arteries; root form of most CVD
difference between LDL and HDL
LDL brings cholesterol to artieris, HDL clears cholesterol from body
