Week 5 - Frailty Management Flashcards
What is the definition of frailty?
Reduced strength & physiological malfunctioning that increases an individual’s risk to increased dependency, vulnerability and / or death
What are the clinical symptoms in Fred’s Frailty Phenotype to diagnose frailty?
Diagnosed by the presence of 3 or more clinical symptoms
- Unintentionally weight loss
- Exhaustion
- Weak grip strength
- Slow walking speed
- Low physical activity
What are the consequences of frailty?
Activity limitation & reduced participation
Leads to:
- Frequent hospitalization
- Institutionalization
- Disability
- Mortality
What are the risk factors of frailty in community living older adults?
- Older age
- Gender: female
- Polypharmacy, cognitive & functional impairment
- Poor perceived health status
- Inflammation, sarcopenia, endocrine disorders
- Social isolation & poverty
What is the cut off point in CFS to diagnose an elderly that is vulnerable
Score of 4
What are some areas of frailty management programs that were effective?
- Exercise & nutrition intervention being the most successful
- Physical exercise programs
- Educational sessions on health promotion, disease prevention and self-care
- Cognitive training to stimulate STM, enhance attention, information processing skills
- Combined multidisciplinary treatment (nutritional, physical training, cognitive training)
What is the factor that moderates the effectiveness of frailty programs?
- Compliance to home-based exercise
- Dietary protein supplementation
What are the conditions in the Asia Pacific Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Frailty?
Strong recommendation
- frailty to be identifies using a validated measurement tool
- older adults with frailty to be referred to a progressive, individualised physical activity with resistance training component
- polypharmacy (regular use of 5 or more medication) be addressed by reducing or describing any inappropriate / superfluous medication
What are some frailty management programs (dual-component) in SG?
- Gym Tonic: improved LL strength, Fred Frailty score, better physical strength
- ActiveSG Masters Club
- Healthy Aging Promotion For You (HAPPY)
- Share a Pot
What are some frailty management programs (mulit-component) in SG?
- Say No to Frailty: goal setting, chronic disease management, medication management, fall prevention, energy conservation, diet, community independence, active lifestyle, review & plan
- Singapore Frailty Intervention Trial (FIT): consist of physical, nutrition & cognitive intervention over 6 months (>3x a week)
What are the effectiveness of Say No to Frailty?
- Decreased level of frailty
- Increased self-confidence
- Behavioural change
What are the effectiveness of Well-studies (Lifestyle Redesign Program)?
- Improved health (physical, mental), function (physical, social) and quality of life
- Lifestyle interventions help to reduce age-related declines
