Week 5: Contraception Vaginal Menstrual Disorders Flashcards
what’s the name of the fungus that causes vaginal yeast infections?
vulvovaginal candidiasis
when to refer for vulvovaginal candidiasis?
pregnancy
under 12 y/o
Concurrent symptoms (fever, pain in lower back, abdomen, or shoulder)
recurrent infection of more than 3 per year or secondary infection within 2 months
what is the “presentation” of vulvovaginal candidiasis?
thick, white discharge
no odor or pH change
redness and swelling
itching
what pH range using the vagisil screening kit would mean the symptoms are not due to vulvovaginal candidiasis?
4-5
what are appropriate treatments for vulvovaginal candidiasis?
how to use?
what should patient due if they are menstruating?
imidazoles: Butoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, and tioconazole
once daily before bed
continue use during menstruation
when should patient expect to see results from self-treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis?
symptoms should improve within 2-3 days and resolve in 1 week
what is atrophic vaginitis?
thinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls that may occur when your body has less estrogen
when to refer for atrophic vaginitis?
Severe dryness or dyspareunia (pain from intercourse)
non-local symptoms
what is the “presentation” of atrophic vaginitis?
dryness
vaginal irritation, burning, itching
white or yellow discharge
T/F petroleum jelly is an appropriate lubricant to treat atrophic vaginitis
False
list the vaginal lubricant ingredients used for atrophic vaginitis
glycerin propylene glycol methylcellulose Vit E mineral oil
if using latex condoms, what type of lubricant should not be used and why?
oil based lubricants because they degrade the latex
what is dysmenorrhea?
cramps/pain during period
when to refer for dysmenorrhea?
women over 25 with pain occurring when they're not menstruating IUD use aspirin, NSAID allergy GI disease bleeding disorder toxic shock syndrome
what is toxic shock syndrome?
bacterial infection causing high fever, low blood pressure, vomiting, and rash
non-pharm treatments for dysmenorrhea?
discontinue smoking
magnesium, vitamin B1 and E
acupressure
aspirin may help with dysmenorrhea, but what side effect may occur?
may increase menstrual flow
what’s the first line pharm treatment for dysmenorrhea?
NSAIDs
if experiencing symptoms of toxic shock syndrome you should avoid taking what medication?
NSAIDs
pyridoxine is helpful if patient is experiencing PMS, what is pyridoxine and how should it be given?
it’s a form of vitamin B6.
take 80mg qd, do not exceed 100mg
calcium is helpful if patient is experiencing PMS, how should it be taken?
600mg bid
Magnesium pyrrolidone is helpful if patient is experiencing PMS, how should it be taken?
360 mg qd
what complementary treatments are available for PMS?
Chastetree berry
St John’s wort
Saffron
Ginkgo
