week 5 ---ati hw & 42 & 51 Flashcards
subcutaneous syringe
45 -90 degree (obese) angles
no more than 1.5mL
3/8 to 5/8 in. length
25-27 gauge
**28-31 gauge = insulin
pinch & rotate sites
*****uses insulin & heparin
*lipohypertrophy
Intramuscular (IM) Syringe
90 degree angle
1&1/2 in. length
18-25 gauge
3 sites:
1) Ventrogluteal (3ml)
2) Deltoid (2ml)
3) Vastus Lateralis (1-3ml)
Intradermal syringe
5 to 15 degree angle
1ml TB syringe
25-27 gauge
1/4 to 5/8 in. length
*bevel up
*small bleb
*never rub site
*forearm
*tuberculosis
pharmacokinetics
study of absorption, metabolism, distribution, & excretion of drugs in body
enteral routes
*slower
mouth, stomach, or intestines
prodrugs
inactive chemicals that are activated through the metabolism to exert their effects
first-pass effect
passage of oral meds from small intestine to liver before reaching systemic circulation
pharmacodynamics
study of how a drug works (concentrations) & how the body responds
peak
vs
trough
peak = medication is at its highest concentration–absorption complete
trough = lowest concentration level
**measured before next dose
half-life
time it takes for drug to fall to half its strength through excretion
Rights of Medicine
right CLIENT
right MEDICATION
right DOSE
right ROUTE
right TIME
administering STAT vs ASAP time frames
STAT = within 30 min of order placed
ASAP = within 30min - 1hour
8 things prescriptions must have
- client name
- date/time of prescription
- medication name
- dose
- route
- frequency
- indication for use
- provider signature
Routes that bypass first-pass
sublingual
buccal
administering medication in enteral feeding tubes
***liquid only
flush w/ water before & after (30ml)
transdermal patch locations
**remove old one first
upper arms
upper torso
back
behind ears
chest
apply ophthalmic drugs
applied to mucous membranes of eyes
**inward to out
**never on cornea directly
**nasolacrimal occlusion (pressure on corner of eye for 30-60 sec)
applying otic meds
pinna UP & BACK
room temperature – not cold (causes dizziness & pain)
parenteral routes
intradermal (ID)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneous
intravenous (IV)
safety needle syringes
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneous
intradermal (ID)
Insulin syringe
*subcutaneous
28-31 gauge
UNITS
Orange
0.25 to 1 ml
Mind-body therapy includes
acupncture
art therapy
breath work
guided imagery
meditation
tai-chi
yoga
energy therapy includes
therapeutic touch
magnet therapy
reiki
a nurse is caring for a client scheduled for abdominal surgery. The client reports being worries. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Offer info on a relaxation technique & ask the client if they are interested in trying it
2.Request a social worker see the client to discuss meditation
- attempt to use biofeedback techniques with the client
- tell the client many people feel the same way before surgery & to think of something else
- Offer info on a relaxation technique & ask the client if they are interested in trying it
A nurse is assessing a client as part of an admission history. The client reports drinking an herbal tea every afternoon at work to relieve stress. Tea include which of the following ingredients?
- Chamomile
- Ginseng
- Ginger
- Echinacea
- Chamomile
A nurse is reviewing complementary & alternative therapies with a group of new nurses. Which of the following are mind-body therapies? sap
- art therapy
- acupressure
- yoga
- therapeutic touch
- Biofeedback
- art therapy
- yoga
- biofeedback
A nurse is teaching a group of new nurses on complementary & alternative therapies they can incorporate into their practice w/o the need for specialized licensing or certification. Which of the following should the nurse encourage them to use? sap
- Guided Imagery
- Massage Therapy
- Meditation
- Music therapy
- Therapeutic Touch
- guided imagery
- meditation
- music therapy
A nurse is planning to use healing intention w/ a client who is recovering from a lengthy illness. which of the following is the priority action to take before attempting this particular mind-body intervention?
- tell the client the goal of therapy is to promote healing
- ask whether the client is comfortable with using prayer
3.Encourage the client to participate actively for best results
- instruct the client to relax during therapy
- ask whether the client is comfortable with using prayer
Complementary & Alternative Medicines
*whole medical systems
*body-based & manipulative methods
*biological & botanical therapies
*mind-body therapy
*energy therapy
*movement therapy
homeopathic medicine
administering doses of substances that would produce manifestations of the disease state in a well person to ill clients to bring about healing
gingko bilboa
improves memory
gingseng
increases physical endurance
valerian
promotes sleep & reduces anxiety
garlic
inhibits platelet aggregation
to promote adherence with medication self-administration, a nurse is making recommendations for an older adult client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (sap)
- adjust dosages according to daily weight
- place pills in daily pill holder
- ask for liquid forms if the client has difficulty swallowing pills
- ask a relative to assist periodically
5.request child resistant caps on medication containers
- place pills in daily pill holder
- ask for liquid forms if the client has difficulty swallowing pills
- ask a relative to assist periodically
A client in a provider’s office tells the nurse that, “I fast for several days each week to help control my weight.” the client takes several medications for various chronic issues. the nurse should explain to the client that which of the following mechanisms that results from fasting puts her at risk for medication toxicity?
1.Increasing the metabolism of the medications over time
- Increasing the protein-binding response
- Increasing the medications transit time through the intestines.
4.Decreasing the excretion of medication
- Increasing the protein-binding response
A nurse is preparing medications for a preschooler. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as altering how a medication affects children? (sap)
1.Increased gastric acid production
2. Immature liver
3.higher body water content
4.Increased absorption of topical medications
5.Increased gastric emptying time
- Immature liver
3.higher body water content
4.Increased absorption of topical medications
A nurse is teaching a client who is lactating about taking medications. which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to minimize in the entry of medication into breast milk?
- drink 8 oz of milk w/ each dose of medication
- Use medications that have an extended half-life
- take each dose right after breastfeeding
- pump breast milk and feed it prior to feeding to the newborn
- take each dose right after breastfeeding
a nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. which of the following statements should the nurse make?
1. “you will need to get a rubella immunization if you haven’t had one prior to pregnancy.”
2. “you can safely take over-the counter- medications”
3. “you should avoid any vitamin preparations containing iron.”
4. “your provider can prescribe medications for nausea if you need it “
- “your provider can prescribe medications for nausea if you need it “
