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Pharmacology > Week 5 ANS > Flashcards

Week 5 ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation

A

Contract smooth muscle

CNS stimulations

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2
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: blood vessels

A

vasocontriction to non-essential organs

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3
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: GI

A

relax smooth muscles and decrease motility

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4
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: Liver

A

gycoeogenesis

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5
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: bladder

A

contraction

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6
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: uterus

A

contraction

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7
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: pupils

A

dilation

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8
Q

Alpha 1 stimulation: medication example

A

pseudoepinephrine to treat nasal congestion by vasocontriction

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9
Q

Alpha 1 Inhibition

A

Relax smooth muscle

Vasodilation

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10
Q

Alpha 1 inhibition: bladder

A

increase urine flow

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11
Q

Alpha 1 inhibition: medication example

A

Tamsulosin to improve urine flow

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12
Q

PSNS: Acetylcholine does what

A

stimulates muscarinic receptors

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13
Q

Drugs that replicate the stimulation of muscarinic receptors are called what

A

cholineric

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14
Q

PSNS

A

Causes smooth muscle contraction that results in decreased heart rate, bronchocontriction, increase GI/GU, pupillary constriction

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15
Q

PSNS direct acting: pilicarpine

A

cause cilliary muscle to contract and drain aqueous humor

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16
Q

PSNS direct acting: Bethanechol

A

stimulates bladder causing urinary output

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17
Q

PSNS indirect acting: Pyridistigmine

A

reverse muscle weakness MG

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18
Q

PSNS indirect acting: Physostigmine

A

used to treat insecticide poisoning

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19
Q

PSNS indirect acting: Donepezil

A

Enhances memory with AD

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20
Q

SNS Alpha 2 stimulation

A

vasodilation

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21
Q

SNS Alpha 2 stimulation medication example

A

Clonidine to treat hypertension

22
Q

SNS Alpha 2 inhibition

A

Not used clinically

23
Q

SNS Beta 1 Stimulation

A

primarily stimulates heart with increased heart rate and contractility
– also causes kidneys to release renin

24
Q

SNS Beta 1 Stimulation Med example

A

Dobutamine to treat acute heart failure to increase cardiac output

25
Q

SNS Beta 1 inhibition

A

“Selective Beta Blocker” used to decrease heart rate and BP

26
Q

SNS Beta 1 inhibition med example

A

metoprolol to decrease heart rate and blood pressure

27
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation

A

Primarily relax smooth muscle

28
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: blood vessels

A

vasodilation

29
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: lungs

A

bronchodilation

30
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: GI

A

decreased motility

31
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: liver

A

glyconeogenesis

32
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: uterus

A

relaxation

33
Q

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation medication example

A

albuterol or bronchodilation

34
Q

SNS Beta 2 Inhibition

A

“Non-selective Beta Blockers” block Beta-1 and Beta-1 receptors so also cause bronchoconstriction

35
Q

SNS Beta 2 Inhibition medication example

A

Propanolol blocks Beta-1 and Beta-2 receptor so lowers BP but inadvertently causes bronchoconstriction

36
Q

PSNS Anticholinergic: Slude

A 
Salvation decreased
lacrimation decreased
urinary retention
drowsiness/dizziness
GI upset
eye (blurred/dry)
can cause constipation and confusion

avoid with glaucoma

37
Q

PSNS Atropine

A

Inhibits salivary and bronchial secretions and sweating

  • dilate pupil and increase HR
  • decrease motility of GI/GU
  • inhibit gastric acid secretion
38
Q

PSNS Oxybutynin

A

Relax overactive bladder

39
Q

PSNS Benztropine

A

Reduces tremors and muscles rigidity in Parkinson’s or treat EPS with antipsychotics

40
Q

PSNS Scopolamine

A

Decrease GI motility and secretions for motion sickness

41
Q

Catecholemine examples

A

Alpha Receptor Agonist
Beta Receptor Agonist
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

42
Q

Basics of the ANS

A

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

- sensory and motor neurons

43
Q

What does the ANS control

A

involuntary responses in the body

44
Q

What kind of receptors do the SNS and PSNS have

A

SNS - alpha (1 and 2) and beta (1 and 2) receptors

PSNS - nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

45
Q

What are examples of Postganglionic Neurons

A
  1. Cholinergic
    - Acetylcholine
  2. Adrenergic
    - norepinephrine
    - epinephrine (adrenaline)
46
Q

What stimulates the SNS receptors (alpha 1 and 2 and beta 1 and 2)

A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

47
Q

What is adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics

A

SNS receptors

48
Q

What is an adrenergic antogonist

A

SNS receptors

49
Q

cilia

A

remove mucous and debris from nasal cavity (cold air slows the movement results in runny nose in cold weather)

50
Q

Diseases of respiratory system

A 
allergies
anaphylaxis 
asthma
bronchitis
cold
COPD

Pharmacology (10 decks)

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