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Beef Cattle Nutrition > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what feeds should you test

A

hay (due to variability)

byproducts (distillers, brewers grains, etc)

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2
Q

when should i save my money on feed testing

A

common feedstuffs
pasture
forage mineral analysis to develop your own mineral

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3
Q

when should you sample hay

A

each load or cutting (make 1 composite for each)

at least 10% of bales

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4
Q

how to sample hay

A

go into side of bail to get multiple layers and thus a better representation; sample above the curve; first and fourth cutting are best

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5
Q

DM

A

Dry matter

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6
Q

CP

A

crude protein

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7
Q

TDN

A

total digestible nutrients

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8
Q

NDF

A

neutral detergent fiber

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9
Q

NFC

A

non-fiberous carbohydrates

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10
Q

EE

A

ether extract (ie lipids)

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11
Q

Ash

A

chemical fraction that contains minerals and soil contaminants; no energy content

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12
Q

TDN value of hay for cattle and horses

A

would not be the same

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13
Q

estimating TDN

A

ADF and crude protein

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14
Q

summative equations

A

add digestible energy containing fractions together to determine TDN (NDF, NFC, CP, EE)

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15
Q

digestible NDF is best determined using an

A

in vitro analysis (take rumen fluid and mix with feed, determine whats left after rumen microbes have digested)

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16
Q

NFC=

A

100-CP-NDF-EE-Ash

17
Q

analysis to request for hay (typical)

A

DM, CP, NDF, NFC, Ash, TDN

digestible NDF

18
Q

analysis to request for hay (others to consider)

A

Ca, P, K

Nitrates (want to know from a safety standpoint)

19
Q

brown midribs and tifton 85

A

hard to determine with traditional analysis

20
Q

wet chemistry

A

chemical fraction is measured directly (digestion, combustion, etc)
works for all samples

21
Q

NIR or NIRS

A

near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

22
Q

estimates ______ using ______

A

chemical fractions; statistical relationship

23
Q

____ is key

A

database

24
Q

works well for

A

some feeds but not others

25
Q

nitrate toxicity

A

reduces ability of blood to carry oxygen (can cause death and abortions)

26
Q

all _____ forages should be tested

A

growth stressed forages

27
Q

nitrates are converted to _____ with normal plant growth

A

protein

28
Q

safe levels of nitrogen

A

0.15 to 1.0%

29
Q

cattle can adapt to higher levels of nitrate over time

A

x

30
Q

Bova-pro bolus

A

strain of rumen microbes that is really good at converting nitrates and nitrites

31
Q

the maillard reaction

A

aka non-enzymatic browning reaction
heat is produced from fermentation of wet hay
condensation of sugar residues with amino acids
proteins are rendered indigestible
ADICP
adjusted CP
produces a caramel taste; burnt taste if overdone

32
Q

requesting a feed analysis

A

x

Beef Cattle Nutrition (4 decks)

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