Week 5 Flashcards
Innervation & Function: Anterior Compartment:
Femoral nerve & knee extension
What are the 3 compartments of the thigh?
Anterior, posterior, medial
Innervation & Function: Medial compartment
Thigh adductor & some medial rotation - Obturator nerve
Innervation & Function: Posterior Compartment
Sciatic nerve, flex knee, extend thigh
Where does the great saphenous vein travel & what does it travel with?
It comes off of the femoral vein and travels down the medial side of the leg, meets with the saphenous nerve at the lower leg & goes out to the dorsal venous arch.
What vein do you use if you need emergency venous access?
The great saphenous vein - it’s in from on the medial malleolus & goes to the medial boarder of the patella.
What connects the superficial and deep veins?
Perforating veins! - the valves can become incompetent & cause varicose veins
What nerves supply the adductor magnus?
Both the sciatic & obturator!
What does the tensor fascia lata do?
It stabilizes the knee in extension & flexes the thigh
What isn’t surrounded by the femoral sheath?
The femoral nerve!
What is the sartorius function?
- Muscle that allows you to cross your legs - kindergarten style
- Flexes, abducts & laterally rotates the thigh - flexes the leg/knee
- Forms the roof of the adductor canal
When are femoral hernias more common?
In females, go through the femoral sheath - look like bulge in upper thigh
What nerve comes out of the adductor haitus?
Saphenous nerve
What muscle can be pulled off with an avulsion of the ASIS?
Sartorius
What is the function of the rectus femoris?
It flexes the hip & extends the knee
Where do the vasti muscles (of the quadriceps) originate?
Shaft of the femur
Where does the rectus femoris originate?
Anterior inferior iliac spine - forceful kicking can avulse this
Dorsal horn =
Ventral horn =
Sensory
Motor
What inserts on the lesser trochanter?
iliopsoas - the strongest hip flexor
What is the adductor magnus supplied by?
Tibial & Obturator Nerve
What is the gracilis function?
Adductor, knee & hip flexor
What are the divisions of the obturator nerve?
Anterior - above the adductor brevis
Posterior - behind adductor brevis
Where doe the hamstring part of the adductor magnus originate?
Ischial tuberosity
When does groin pull usually happen - what muscles?
Adductor muscles - sports that require quick starts - short distance running
What artery supplies the head of the femur?
Branch of the obturator artery
In adults the ___ provides imp. blood supply to the femoral head.
MFC - Medial femoral circumflex artery
What innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?
What innervates the lateral compartment of the leg?
Deep fibular nerve
Superficial fibular nerve (underneith the fibularis longus)
What is the function of the tibialis anterior?
It dorsiflexes the foot & inverts the foot
What is the function of the fibularis tertius?
It dorsiflexes the foot & helps in eversion
What are the functions of the extensor hallicus longus & extensor digitorum longus?
Extending toes & dorsiflexing the foot
What is “Ski Boot Syndrome”?
It is deep fibular nerve entrapment - often caused by too tight of a shoe on people wiht high arches - produces pain that radiates to the first and second toes
What are the “P signs” of peripheral artery disease/arterial occlusion?
Pain, pallor (unhealthy, pale appearance), paresthesia, paralysis & Pulselessness
What causes foot drop? Or the inability to dorsiflex and evert the foot?
Damage to the common fibular nerve!! (can no longer dorsiflex)
What supplies the lateral compartment of the lower leg?
Superficial fibular nerve
What are the functions of the fibularis longus & brevis?
Eversion & weak plantarflexion
Where does fibularis longus insert?
The base of the first metatarsal (wraps underneath the foot)
What artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
The fibular artery
Where do meniscal tears heal best?
At the periphery – generous blood supply here!
What is the “unhappy triad”?
It is a common football injury caused by a blow to the lateral side of the knee. Three things are torn: tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus & anterior crucial ligament
What is the most commonly injured joint in the body?
Talocrural joint (between tibia & talus)
What is the most common sprain?
Anterior talofibular ligament (of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle)
What is a Pott’s fracture?
When foot is forcibly everted, like in football
-Pulls on strong medial ligament - and the fibula may be fractured
Where does inversion & eversion take place?
Subtalar joint
