WEEK 5 Flashcards
what are the 7 differences of sprinting vs marathon running and describe if you can
1) muscle fibre type
- affects the speed of fibre contraction
2) creatine phosphate system
3) glycolytic enzyme concentration
4) glycolytic flux potential
- the ability to have things move through a certain pathway
5) mitochondrial density
6) oxygen delivery
7) oxidative flux potential
describe fibre composition for a high jumper (x3)
- relatively few mitochondria
- large glycogen stores
- extremely rapid anaerobic glycolysis
describe fibre composition for a marathon runner (x3)
- many mitochondria
- well oxygenated
- aerobic glycolysis is slow
describe type 1 and type 2 muscle fibres
type 1= low power and lower speed
type 2= higher power and faster speed
describe the creatine phosphate system ( x3)
- ATP needs to be regenerated rapidly during explosive
- sprint exercise required 4mmol of ATP per kg per sec
- 2-6mmol per kg of muscle tissue
describe creatine kinase (CK)
the ck reaction will supply several seconds of ATP
identify the equation of sprinting metabolism
AMP + H2O > imp + NH3
describe the fuel use during sprinting (x3)
- needs glycolysis
- glycolysis is half as fast as the ck reaction
- sprinting results in massive increase of flux through glycolysis
describe glycogen ( x3)
- the bodies. start of carbs
- very limited stores
- 1-2 hours of vigorous activity will deplete the bodies store of glycogen.
how long can we hold a max sprint for? ( x2)
- in all out sprint= half the muscle glycogen is degraded
- muscle fatigue= inability to maintain a given power output
describe energy expenditure during a marathon
- average vo2 for 2 hours= 4 litres per minute
- energy per minute= 85kj per min
describe a marathons runners bodily adaptions ( 6)
- high percentage of type 1 fibres
- high muscle blood flow
- high oxygen delivery
- high mitochondrial density
- high glycogen stores
- high CPT and 2 concentration
what are the effects of starvation and low carb diets ( x5)
- low blood glucose concentration
- high blood with free fatty acids
- low glycogen content
- high beta oxidation influx
- high KB metabolism
how do you calculate RQ
in equation minus the carbon dioxide from oxygen
describe fuel oxidation during exercise (x2)
- during lower exercise intensity= fat predominates
- as exercise intensity increases there is an increased reliance on glucose, glycogen
-
what is the purpose of calculating fat max
to calculate RER using the expired gas collected from a metabolic cart to calculate fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates.
how do you calculate fat oxidation rate
(1.695 x VO2) - (1.7 x VCO2)
how do you calculate CHO oxidation rate
(4.585 x VCO2) - (3.226 x VO2)
