Week 5

Question 1

What are the main methods of psychological research?

Answer 1

• Naturalistic observations
• Experimental interventions/manipulations
• Questionnaires
• Interviews

Question 2

What are some considerations when deciding on the appropriate neuroimaging technique?

Answer 2

• Spatial resolution needed
• Temporal resolution needed
• Freedom of participant’s movement
• Cost

Question 3

What did Bar-Haim study regarding social categories?

Answer 3

Bar-Haim studied:
1. Whether or not infants show a preference for own-race faces
2. How own-race preference is affected by exposure to other-race faces in social environments

Question 4

What were Bar-Haim’s results?

Answer 4

Infants reared in racially homogenous environments showed strong own-race preference; infacts reared in racially diverse environments showed no preference

Question 5

What was Bar-Haim’s conclusion?

Answer 5

Own-race face preferences are more likely due to experiences than innate preferences

Question 6

What did Kinzler find regarding toy/friendship preferences?

Answer 6

• 10-month-olds prefer toys from other infants speaking the same language
• 5-year-olds prefer friends who (1) speak the same language and (2) does not have a foreign accent

Question 7

What did Killen find regarding the use of social categories?

Answer 7

• Children presented with ambiguous scenarios and asked to judge character’s intention behind action are influenced by ideas of race

Question 8

Do children demonstrate selective learning?

Answer 8

Children demonstrated selective learning (eg. 4 to 5-year-olds prefer to learn from native speaker over foreign-accented speaker)

Question 9

How do 3-year-olds respond preferentially when categories conflict?

Answer 9

• Prefers same gender
• Does not prefer same race
• Prefers same age

Question 10

Is accent or race a stronger predictor for preference?

Answer 10

Children prefer someone with a familiar accent but different race over someone with the same race but foreign accent