Week 5 Flashcards
The ability of the body to control the flow of blood following vascular injury…
Coagulation
Hemostasis
A series of reactions that stops the bleeding when a blood vessel wall breaks; provides time for the blood vessel to heal.
Hemophilia
A disorder, often inherited, that prevents the body from clotting properly.
Hemophilia A or B
Von WIllebrand Disease (VWD)
Peri- or post-surgery bleeding (Medication triggered)
Thrombophilia
A condition where the blood has an increased tendency to clot. Most people don’t show symptoms.
What are the 5 steps of the hemostatic process?
Primary Hemostasis
1. Vascular Phase
2. Platelet Phase
Secondary Hemostasis
3. Coagulation phase
4. Clot retraction
5. Fibrinolysis
How many patients in the US are diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis each year?
> 500,000
How many pulmonary embolisms are diagnosed each year in the US?
> 630,000
How many deaths are attributed to the PE each year?
Approximately 200,000 deaths
- Around 1/2 of these deaths are preventable
- Half of pulmonary emboli are not diagnosed until autopsy.
What is the most common cause of thrombophilia?
Factor V defect
Symptoms can range from mild mucosal bleeding to severe, life-threatening hemorrhages.
A PT test monitors ________ pathway while aPTT/PTT test monitors ________ pathway.
Extrinsic - External events
Instrinsic - Internal events
Hemostasis is:
a) The process of blood clotting and then the subsequent dissolution of the clot following repair of the injured tissue – a steady state
b) An interaction of cellular components and plasma proteins (factors) that once activated, result in clot formation to plug the vessel injury.
c) A process that has components to limit excessive clot formation (the break system) and those necessary for dissolving the clots over time (fibrinolysis).
d) All of the above
Hemostasis is:
a) The process of blood clotting and then the subsequent dissolution of the clot following repair of the injured tissue – a steady state
b) An interaction of cellular components and plasma proteins (factors) that once activated, result in clot formation to plug the vessel injury.
c) A process that has components to limit excessive clot formation (the break system) and those necessary for dissolving the clots over time (fibrinolysis).
d) All of the above
Hemostasis is accomplished through
interaction among:
a) Veins, arteries, capillaries and arterioles
b) Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
c) Blood vessels, platelets, coagulation proteins (factors) and
fibrinolysis
d) Coagulation factors and red blood cells
Hemostasis is accomplished through
interaction among:
a) Veins, arteries, capillaries and arterioles
b) Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
c) Blood vessels, platelets, coagulation proteins (factors) and fibrinolysis
d) Coagulation factors and red blood cells
True/False
Hemophilia is tendency to clot
[ ] True [ ] False
Thrombophilia is tendency to clot
[ ] True [ ] False
Hemophilia is tendency to bleed
[ ] True [ ] False
True/False
Hemophilia is tendency to clot
[ ] True [X ] False
Thrombophilia is tendency to clot
[X ] True [ ] False
Hemophilia is tendency to bleed
[X ] True [ ] False
Perturbation of hemostasis results in:
a) Either bleeding or pathologic clot formation (thrombosis)
b) Anemia or polycythemia (excessive amounts of red blood cells)
c) Either kidney failure or diabetes
d) None of the above
Perturbation of hemostasis results in:
a) Either bleeding or pathologic clot formation (thrombosis)
b) Anemia or polycythemia (excessive amounts of red blood cells)
c) Either kidney failure or diabetes
d) None of the above
Which of the 5 phases below are involved in the
hemostatic process:
a) Vascular phase
b) Platelet phase
c) Coagulation phase
d) Clot retraction
e) Fibrinolysis
f) All of the above
Which of the 5 phases below are involved in the
hemostatic process:
a) Vascular phase
b) Platelet phase
c) Coagulation phase
d) Clot retraction
e) Fibrinolysis
f) All of the above
What happens during Primary Hemostasis
a) Bleeding stops within five minutes
b) Vasoconstriction and platelet adhesion take place
c) Clot formation
d) Clot dissolution
What happens during Primary Hemostasis
a) Bleeding stops within five minutes
b) Vasoconstriction and platelet adhesion take place
c) Clot formation
d) Clot dissolution
List the three pathways of the coagulation
cascade:
a) Initial, subsequent and final
b) Circulatory, urinary and respiratory
c) Extrinsic, Intrinsic and Common pathway
d) Intrinsic and Extrinsic
List the three pathways of the coagulation
cascade:
a) Initial, subsequent and final
b) Circulatory, urinary and respiratory
c) Extrinsic, Intrinsic and Common pathway
d) Intrinsic and Extrinsic
What are some of the results of thrombophilia
(excessive clot formation)?
a) Hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure)
b) DVT (Deep vein thrombosis) and PE (Pulmonary embolism)
c) Kidney failure and hepatoma (liver tumor)
d) Congestive heart failure
What are some of the results of thrombophilia
(excessive clot formation)?
a) Hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure)
b) DVT (Deep vein thrombosis) and PE (Pulmonary embolism)
c) Kidney failure and hepatoma (liver tumor)
d) Congestive heart failure
Venous thrombotic events –(hypercoagulable state) can
be:
a) Arterial or venous
b) Circulatory or nervous
c) Hereditary/genetic (inherited) or acquired
d) Genetic only
Venous thrombotic events –(hypercoagulable state) can
be:
a) Arterial or venous
b) Circulatory or nervous
c) Hereditary/genetic (inherited) or acquired
d) Genetic only
The two most commonly requested coagulation tests are:
a) aPTT and PT (activated partial thromboplastin time and
prothrombin time)
b) Factor assays and FDP
c) D-Dimer and Bleeding time
d) CBC and PT
The two most commonly requested coagulation tests are:
a) aPTT and PT (activated partial thromboplastin time and
prothrombin time)
b) Factor assays and FDP
c) D-Dimer and Bleeding time
d) CBC and PT
A test used before surgery to check if the patient’s platelets are functional and capillary system is intact is:
a) ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)
b) Prothrombin Time
c) Bleeding Time
d) Lipid Panel
A test used before surgery to check if the patient’s platelets are functional and capillary system is intact is:
a) ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)
b) Prothrombin Time
c) Bleeding Time
d) Lipid Panel
A test that evaluates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is:
a) D-Dimer test
b) Partial thromboplastin time
c) Prothrombin time
d) CBC
A test that evaluates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is:
a) D-Dimer test
b) Partial thromboplastin time
c) Prothrombin time
d) CBC
A test that evaluates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is:
a) Differential test
b) Partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
c) Thrombin time
d) CBC
A test that evaluates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is:
a) Differential test
b) Partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
c) Thrombin time
d) CBC
A patient is on Coumadin (warfarin). What test would you run?
a) aPTT
b) PT
c) D-Dimer
d) CBC
A patient is on Coumadin (warfarin). What test
would you run?
a) aPTT
b) PT
c) D-Dimer
d) CBC
A patient is on heparin. What test would you run?
a) aPTT
b) PT
c) D-Dimer
d) CBC
A patient is on heparin. What test would you run?
a) aPTT
b) PT
c) D-Dimer
d) CBC
