Week 4 Reading Quiz: Week7 Flashcards
The constant change of a viral population in the face of selection pressures.
Virus Evolution
Viral populations that exist as dynamic distributions of nonidentical but related replicons.
Quasispecies
The elevation of mutation rates by exposure to a mutagen or an error-prone polymerase to the point at which the resulting population of genomes has lost fitness and is incapable of propagating.
Lethal Mutagenesis
A mathematical parameter that measures the complexity of the information that must be maintained to ensure survival of a population.
Error Threshold
A descriptive terms evoking the extreme selective pressure on small populations that results in loss of diversity; accumulation of selected mutations; or both.
Genetic Bottleneck
A model positing how small asexual populations decline in fitness over time if the mutation rate is high.
Muller’s Rachet
Diversity in viral genomes that arises as a result of errors during genome replication and immune selection.
Genetic Drift
Diversity in viral genomes that arises as a result of re-assortment of genome segments or recombination between genomes
genetic shift
Common ancestor of ALL organisms in tree
Root
Common ancestor of species ; diversification of species
Node (internal node)
Current organisms
Tips (Terminal Node)
Organisms that come from the same common ancestor
Sister Taxa
The part of an evolutionary tree that connects nodes
Branch
The best way to read an evolutionary tree is across the tips (terminal nodes)
True
False
False
In a __, only the __ matters; whereas in a ___, the ____ matters.
cladogram; topology ; phylogram; topology and branch length
