Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PEDS - Nicole > Week 4 - Neurological, Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Week 4 - Neurological, Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Birth defect where the neural tube fails to close as a fetus

A

Spina Bifida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S/sx of spinal bifida

A

Dimpling near buttocks, neural tube abnormalities, hydrocephalus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Priority intervention for spinal bifida

A

Infection control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

S/sx of hydrocephalus (7)

A
  • Bulging fontanels
  • Bulging eyes
  • Sunsetting eyes
  • Headache
  • Increased head circumference
  • Vomiting - esp early morning
  • Ataxia at later stages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is considered an emergency with hydrocephalus?

A

Fever or headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Surgical prep for hydrocephalus

A

Prep for life long VP shunt that connects the brain to the abdominal cavity to have the CSF reabsorbed there

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should you monitor for in a hydrocephalus patient?

A

Head circumference and seizure activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cerebral palsy - definition, patho

A

Definition: Non-progressive and permanent disability that affects movement and speech

Patho: Result of a hypoxic event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cerebral palsy s/sx: Spastic

A

aka stiff

  • hyper-reflexia, hypertonia
  • muscle spasticity
  • toe walking
  • scissoring
  • continues to have neonatal reflexes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cerebral palsy s/sx: Dyskinetic

A

aka involuntary

  • writhing movement
  • trouble speaking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cerebral palsy s/sx: Ataxic

A

aka shaky

- uncoordinated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Head injury interventions

A
  • Grade on concussion scale
  • CT or MRI
  • Concussion teaching: full cognitive rest
  • Educate about head safety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Seizure priority intervention

A

SAFETY

  • remain with patient
  • bed rails up
  • take everything away from patient
  • call for help
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Seizure intervention for non-febrile

A

Blood draws, IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Seizure intervention for febrile

A

Antipyretics, fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Reye’s syndrome definition

A

Confusion, swelling in the brain, and injury to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Reye’s Syndrome s/sx

A
  • Confusion
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Increased AMMONIA levels
  • Vomiting
  • May suffer permanent brain damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Reye’s Stage 1 (3)

A

Sleeping, vomiting, tachypnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Reye’s Stage 2 (3)

A

Combative, positive Babinski, no response to pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Reye’s Stage (3-5)

A

Decorticate to decerebrate posturing - potentially seizures and death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What kind of precautions for Meningitis?

A

Droplet!

22
Q

Priority intervention for Meningitis if you don’t know the cause

A

ANTIBIOTICS

23
Q

Priority intervention for VIRAL meningitis

A

Monitor for seizures (safety first!)

24
Q

Are meningitis patients hyper or hypo thermic?

A

Either!

25
Q

Brain tumor s/sx

A
  • Vomiting
  • Headache
  • Seizures
  • Increased head circumference
  • Abnormal speech and eye movements
26
Q

Twisting of a joint, damage to ligaments

A

Sprain

27
Q

Tearing or pulling of muscle (maybe tendons)

A

Strain

28
Q

Bruises to the muscle

A

Contusions

29
Q

S/sx of soft tissue injury

A

5 P’s

  • pain
  • pallor
  • pulses
  • parethesia
  • paralysis
30
Q

You would see edema, pain, heat, redness with strain or sprain?

A

Sprain

31
Q

Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH)

A

Head of the femur slips out (subluxation)

32
Q

Patho of club foot and DDH

A

Fetal positioning

33
Q

DDH s/sx

A
  • asymmetry of thigh folds

- asymmetry of femur length

34
Q

DDH tests

A

Barlow: Push knees in and back to make the hips go out
Ortolani: Take knees out to click hips back in

35
Q

DDH treatment (2)

A
  • Pavlik harness if less than 6 months old; keeps legs abducted
  • Spica casting if harness fails or older than 6 months
36
Q

Legg-Calve Perthes (LCP)

A

Necrosis of the femur

37
Q

LCP s/sx

A

Pain, limp

38
Q

LCP intervention

A

Early diagnosis

39
Q

LCP treatment

A

NSAIDS, non-weight bearing

40
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

A

Head of the femur separated from the rest of the femur at the growth plate

41
Q

SCFE patho

A

Overweight, teenagers, growth spurts

42
Q
  • Hip tenderness
  • Painful ROM
  • Decreased hip flexion
  • Limping
  • Pain increases with internal rotation
A

SCFE

43
Q

SCFE treatment

A

Immediate surgery and immobilization

44
Q

Position of comfort for SCFE

A

external rotation

45
Q

Scoliosis patho (2)

A
  • Girls more often than boys

- During pubertal growth

46
Q

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A

Progressive loss of function due to muscular loss

47
Q

Duchenne patho

A
  • Hereditary
  • x linked, boys more than girls
  • cognitive function remains
  • starts around 3 years old
48
Q

Duchenne s/sx

A
  • Loss of function that had been previously attained
  • Initially small functions are lost, then gross motor
  • Gower’s sign
  • Wheel chair by teenage years
49
Q

Duchenne interventions: assessment (2)

A
  • monitoring using screening tools

- DNA tests

50
Q

Duchenne cure/treatment

A

NO cure

- preserve ambulation and vital organ function, independence for as long as possible

51
Q
  • Fever
  • Crying a lot
  • Redness
  • Warmth
  • Swelling
  • Pain
  • Limping
A

Osteomyelitis

52
Q

Osteomyelitis interventions (4)

A
  • Draw WBC, ESR, CRP to monitor progression
  • Antibiotics
  • Prep for surgery prn
  • Prep for xray, MRI, CT scan, bone scan

PEDS - Nicole (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions