Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

4014PM -Fundamental A&P > Week 4 - Muscular, Skeletal & Neurological > Flashcards

Week 4 - Muscular, Skeletal & Neurological Flashcards

(59 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are main functions of the Skeleton?

A

Support
Protection
Movement
Mineral Homeostasis
Blood Cell Production
Triglyceride Storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many bones are in the body?

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

A

126

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Frontal Bone

A

Forms the forehead, the roof of the eye sockets and most of the anterior portion of the cranial floor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe Parietal Bones

A

Forms the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe Sphenoid Bone

A

Makes up the base of the cranial floor, connecting with all the other cranial bones to hold them all together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe Temporal bones

A

Form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe Occipital Bone

A

Forms the anterior part and most of the base of the cranium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe Ethmoid Bone

A

A delicate bone located in the anterior part of the cranial floor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe Vomer Bone

A

A roughly triangular bone on the floor of the nasal cavity, forms the inferior portion of the bony nasal septum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe Maxillae Bone

A

Form the upper jawbone, forming part of the floors of the orbits, part of the lateral walls and floor of the nasal cavity and most of the hard palate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe Mandible Bone

A

The lower jawbone is the largest, strongest facial bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Nasal Bone

A

Small, flattened, rectangular-shaped bones form the bridge of the nose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe Palatine Bones

A

Form the posterior portion of the hard palate, part of the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe Lacrimal Bones

A

The smallest bones of the face are positioned posterior and lateral to the nasal bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe Zygomatic Bones

A

Form the prominences of the cheeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe Inferior Nasal Conchae Bones

A

Separate bones form part of the inferior lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the names and amounts of the bones in the vertebral column?

A

33 in total
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
1 (5 fused) Sacrum
1 (4 fused) Coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many bones are in the ribs?

A

12 Pairs
1-7 True Ribs. Directly connect to Sternum
8-12 False Ribs. Indirectly connect to Sternum or not at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 Bones that fuse to make pelvis

A

Ilium, Ischium and Pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name the type of bones

A

Long Bones
Flat Bones
Short Bones
Sesamoid Bones
Irregular Bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Examples of Long bones

A

Femur, Tibia & Fibula, Humerus and the Phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Examples of Flat bones

Study These Flashcards
A

occipital, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, sternum, ilium, ischium, and pubis

25
Examples of Short bones
Carpal and Tarsal
26
Examples of Sesamoid bones
Patella
27
Examples of Irregular Bones
Vertebrae, Hip bones and Facial Bones
28
Describe Osteogenic Cells
Unspecialised Bone Stem Cells, which undergo the cell division. Found in the canals within bone that contain blood vessels
29
Describe Osteoblasts
Bone-building cells that secrete collagen fibres
30
Describe Osteocytes
Mature bone cells. Majority in bone tissue and maintaining its daily metabolism, such as the exchange of nutrients and waste with the blood.
31
Describe Osteoclasts
Derived from monocytes release enzymes and acids that digest bone
32
Name the Types of fracture
Closed fracture Open fracture Displaced fracture Non-displaced fracture Comminuted fracture Greenstick fracture
33
Describe Closed Fracture
Skin Remains Intact. Typically present with pain, swelling, bruising, and deformity (not always immediately obvious).
34
Describe Open Fracture
An open fracture is when the bone has penetrated the skin. Typically caused by falls from height and sports injuries.
35
Describe Displaced Fracture
Displaced fractures are more complex fractures as the bones are out of alignment, or there may be several pieces. Displaced fractures may be open or closed.
36
Describe Non-Displaced Fracture
Non-displaced fractures are often closed and do not move out of alignment.
37
Describe Comminuted Fracture
A bone that has broken into three or more separate pieces. Typically caused falls from height. Commonly found in long bones of the arms & legs and people with osteoporosis
38
Describe Greenstick Fracture
One side of the bone is broken, and the other side bends. Commonly seen in children Typically, it occurs in the long bones – the humerus, radius & ulna, femur and fibula.
39
Describe Ligaments
Connect bones to other bones
40
Describe Tendons
Connect muscles to bones
41
Types of Muscle
Skeletal Muscle: Attached to bones, voluntary movement. Smooth Muscle: Found in organs, involuntary. Cardiac Muscle: Heart muscle, involuntary.
42
Describe an Agonist muscle
The muscle that contracts to produce a movement
43
Describe an Antagonist muscle
Muscle that is Relaxing/Lengthening
44
What are the ways of making an ATP
Phosphagen System Glycolytic System Oxidative System
45
Explain Phosphagen System
Uses creatine phosphate stored in muscles to produce ATP. It's the primary source of energy for short activities, like a sprint or a heavy lift.
46
Explain Glycolytic System
This breaks down glucose from blood glucose or glycogen stored in muscles. It's anaerobic (no oxygen) and used for short-to-mid-duration high-intensity activities. Creates a byproduct of pyruvate, which converts to lactic acids when oxygen is limited.
47
Explain Oxidative System
It's used in aerobic systems (requires oxygen) and is used for long-duration activities. It can generate ATP through the breakdown of glucose, fats, or amino acids.
48
Name the main nervous systems
Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Somatic Nervous Systems Autonomic Nervous Systems Sympathetic Nervous Systems Parasympathetic Nervous Systems (PSNS)
49
How do sensory impulses travel?
Via afferent nerve fibres from receptors to the CNS
50
How do motor impulses travel?
Via efferent nerve fibres from CNS to effector muscles & glands
51
Divisions of Peripheral NS
Somatic Autonomic
52
Divisions of Central NS
No divisions, just the brain and spinal cord
53
Division of Somatic NS
No Division
54
Division of Autonomic NS
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
55
Actions of Sympathetic NS
Fight and Flight system Release of Adrenaline Pupils dilate Blood vessel dilation (Widen) Liver releases sugar into blood via glucagon
56
Actions of Parasympathetic NS
Rest and Digest activities SLUDD Decreased HR and BP Increased digestion Pupil constricted Constricted airway
57
What is the acronym of SLUDD
S - Salivation L – Lacrimation U - Urination D - Digestion D - Deification
58
Parts of Nerve Cell
Cell Body Nucleus Dendrite Axon Terminal Axon Schwann Cell Nodes Of Ranvier Myelin Sheath
59
Function of cell body
Contains the nucleus (DNA)

4014PM -Fundamental A&P (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions