Week 4 - Models of Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Lewis Symbols
An element symbol with valence electrons denoted by dots around it, generally only written for main group elements.
Octet rule
atoms tend to fill their valence orbital with eight electrons
Three ways atoms achieve noble gas configuration, and which groups do each way?
- Lose electrons, form cations (groups 1, 2, 13)
- Share electrons, form covalent bonds (groups 13-17)
- Gain electrons, form anions (groups 16-17)
When metals and nonmetals bond…
electrostatic interactions between cation and anion form ionic bonds
When nonmetals and nonmetals bond…
shared electrons form covalent bonds
When metals and metals bond…
electron pools of delocalized electrons form metallic bonds
Ionic bonding is formed between…
metals and nonmetals
What is enthalpy and the symbol for it?
Change in enthalpy is the heat absorbed or released under constant pressure. It is symbolized by ∆H.
+ vs - enthalpy
+: endothermic (gets colder)
-: exothermic (gets hotter)
What is lattice energy?
The enthalpy change associated with lattice destruction
Which area in the periodic table do elements tend to have highest lattice energy?
Top right
Covalent bonds
Formed from sharing of electrons, each bond is 2 shared electrons, nonmetals with nonmetals
What do atoms achieve when forming covalent bonds?
Noble gas configuration
Between a single, double, and triple CC bond, what is the bond order, length, and energy between the three?
In order of single, double, triple:
order - 1, 2, 3
length - longest, middle, shortest
energy - least, middle, most
Bond energy increases as the elements are where on the periodic table?
Higher
