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PIMS Embalming I > Week 4 General Chemistry > Flashcards

Week 4 General Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

that branch of chemistry that studies the properties and reactions of elements, excluding organic or certain carbon-containing compounds

A

inorganic chemistry

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2
Q

that branch of chemistry that deals with certain carbon-containing compounds

A

organic chemistry

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3
Q

that branch of chemistry dealing with compounds produced by living organisms

A

biochemistry

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4
Q

the study of those types of matter and changes in matter related to the disinfection, preservation, and restoration of human remains

A

embalming chemistry

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5
Q

the study of those physical and chemical changes in the human body that are caused by the process of death

A

thanatochemistry

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6
Q

anything that has mass and occupies space

A

matter

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7
Q

measures the amount of matter present in an object

A

mass

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8
Q

characteristics of a substance that are observed or measured without a change in chemical composition (can be qualitative or quantitative)

A

physical properties

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9
Q

characteristics of a substance observed during or after a chemical reaction

A

chemical properties

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10
Q

Elements, electrons, and bonds determine ____ properties

A

chemical

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11
Q

a change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition

A

physical change

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12
Q

a change that results in the formation of a new chemical substance or substances (requires breaking and forming of chemical bonds)

A

chemical change

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13
Q

a physical property of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)

A

state of matter

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14
Q

state of matter is determined by the amount of ____ present within a substance

A

energy

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15
Q

a state of matter that has no definite shape or volume

A

gas

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16
Q

least dense state of matter where particles have random and rapid movements

A

gas

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17
Q

a state of matter having a definite volume but no definite shape

A

liquid

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18
Q

a state of matter in which particles slide past one another and will take the shape of the container they are in

A

liquid

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19
Q

a state of matter having a definite shape and volume; will hold shape independent of container or space it is in

A

solid

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20
Q

a state of matter in which particles vibrate around fixed positions in an organized structure

A

solid

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21
Q

change in state directly from solid to gas

A

sublimation

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22
Q

the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of the element

A

atom

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23
Q

Atoms are identified by the number of ____ and ____

A

protons and neutrons

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24
Q

subatomic particle with a positive charge

A

proton

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25
Q

subatomic particle with a neutral charge

A

neutron

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26
Q

subatomic particle with a negative charge

A

electron

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27
Q

____ electrons are those available to form bonds

A

valence

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28
Q

an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative electrical charge

A

ion

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29
Q

simple substance which cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means

A

element

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30
Q

The periodic table is a chart of all ____ elements

A

118

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31
Q

number of protons =

A

atomic number

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32
Q

protons + neutrons =

A

atomic mass

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33
Q

column on periodic table

A

group

34
Q

row on periodic table

A

period

35
Q

group 7A

A

halogens

36
Q

group 8A

A

noble gasses

37
Q

staircase beginning at group 3A divides elements into ____ on the left and ____ on the right; most elements touching staircase are considered ____

A

metals
non-metals
metalloids

38
Q

an attractive force that holds together the atoms, ions or groups of atoms in a molecule or crystal

A

bond

39
Q

a chemical bond formed between two atoms by the sharing of electrons

A

covalent bond

40
Q

a chemical bond formed between oppositely charged atoms

A

ionic bond

41
Q

ion with a negative charge

A

anion

42
Q

ion with a positive charge

A

cation

43
Q

a substance consisting of two or more elements combined chemically in definite proportions by mass

A

compound

44
Q

a group of two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds; smallest unit of a compound

A

molecule

45
Q

a symbolic expression of the chemical composition or constitution of a substance

A

formula

46
Q

a combination of two or more substances not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other

A

mixture

47
Q

____ mixtures are not uniform throughout the mixture

A

heterogenous

48
Q

Heterogenous solutions contain ____ or ____ in a solvent

A

colloids or suspensions

49
Q

a solute that can pass through a filter but not a membrane

A

colloid

50
Q

a solute that will not pass through filters or membranes

A

suspension

51
Q

____ mixtures are the same composition throughout the mixture

A

homogenous

52
Q

Homogenous mixtures are ____ solutions usually made up of a ____ and a ____

A

true
crystalloid and solvent

53
Q

a solute that can pass through a filter or a membrane

A

crystalloid

54
Q

a homogenous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent

A

solution

55
Q

a substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution

A

solute

56
Q

a substance that dissolves a solute in a solution

A

solvent

57
Q

a solution containing relatively small amount of solute

A

dilute solution

58
Q

a solution containing a relatively large amount of solute

A

concentrated solution

59
Q

a solution containing the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure

A

saturated solution

60
Q

a solution containing less than the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure

A

unsaturated solution

61
Q

a solution containing more than the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure

A

supersaturated solution

62
Q

a method of expressing low concentrations; equivalent to 1 milligram per liter

A

parts per million

63
Q

the passage of a solvent from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration through a semi-permeable membrane

A

osmosis

64
Q

a solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

A

hypertonic

65
Q

a solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

A

hypotonic

66
Q

a solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute as the solution to which is it compared

A

isotonic

67
Q

the condition of water that results from dissolved minerals and metallic ions

A

hardness

68
Q

bonds between water molecules which give it a high surface tension

A

hydrogen

69
Q

a compound in which there is a union between water and certain substances when they crystallize

A

hydrate

70
Q

compounds which are hydrated very easily and are often used as desiccants

A

hygroscopic

71
Q

a compound in which there is a union between water and certain substances when they crystallize

A

hydrate

72
Q

the removal of water from a substance

A

dehydration

73
Q

a complete or nearly complete deprivation of moisture

A

desiccation

74
Q

the measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

A

pH

75
Q

a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution

A

acid

76
Q

proton donor

A

acid

77
Q

a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH–) in an aqueous solution

A

base

78
Q

basic is aka

A

alkaline

79
Q

proton acceptor

A

base

80
Q

any group of substances that result from the reaction between acids and bases other than water

A

salt

81
Q

Acids react with bases to form ____ and ____; this reaction is called ____

A

water and a salt
neutralization

82
Q

any compound that can act as both an acid and a base in aqueous solutions

A

amphoteric

PIMS Embalming I (8 decks)

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