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PIMS Embalming I > Week 4 General Chemistry > Flashcards

Week 4 General Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

that branch of chemistry that studies the properties and reactions of elements, excluding organic or certain carbon-containing compounds

A

inorganic chemistry

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2
Q

that branch of chemistry that deals with certain carbon-containing compounds

A

organic chemistry

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3
Q

that branch of chemistry dealing with compounds produced by living organisms

A

biochemistry

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4
Q

the study of those types of matter and changes in matter related to the disinfection, preservation, and restoration of human remains

A

embalming chemistry

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5
Q

the study of those physical and chemical changes in the human body that are caused by the process of death

A

thanatochemistry

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6
Q

anything that has mass and occupies space

A

matter

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7
Q

measures the amount of matter present in an object

A

mass

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8
Q

characteristics of a substance that are observed or measured without a change in chemical composition (can be qualitative or quantitative)

A

physical properties

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9
Q

characteristics of a substance observed during or after a chemical reaction

A

chemical properties

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10
Q

Elements, electrons, and bonds determine ____ properties

A

chemical

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11
Q

a change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition

A

physical change

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12
Q

a change that results in the formation of a new chemical substance or substances (requires breaking and forming of chemical bonds)

A

chemical change

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13
Q

a physical property of matter (solid, liquid, or gas)

A

state of matter

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14
Q

state of matter is determined by the amount of ____ present within a substance

A

energy

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15
Q

a state of matter that has no definite shape or volume

A

gas

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16
Q

least dense state of matter where particles have random and rapid movements

A

gas

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17
Q

a state of matter having a definite volume but no definite shape

A

liquid

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18
Q

a state of matter in which particles slide past one another and will take the shape of the container they are in

A

liquid

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19
Q

a state of matter having a definite shape and volume; will hold shape independent of container or space it is in

A

solid

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20
Q

a state of matter in which particles vibrate around fixed positions in an organized structure

A

solid

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21
Q

change in state directly from solid to gas

A

sublimation

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22
Q

the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of the element

A

atom

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23
Q

Atoms are identified by the number of ____ and ____

A

protons and neutrons

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24
Q

subatomic particle with a positive charge

A

proton

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25
subatomic particle with a neutral charge
neutron
26
subatomic particle with a negative charge
electron
27
____ electrons are those available to form bonds
valence
28
an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative electrical charge
ion
29
simple substance which cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means
element
30
The periodic table is a chart of all ____ elements
118
31
number of protons =
atomic number
32
protons + neutrons =
atomic mass
33
column on periodic table
group
34
row on periodic table
period
35
group 7A
halogens
36
group 8A
noble gasses
37
staircase beginning at group 3A divides elements into ____ on the left and ____ on the right; most elements touching staircase are considered ____
metals non-metals metalloids
38
an attractive force that holds together the atoms, ions or groups of atoms in a molecule or crystal
bond
39
a chemical bond formed between two atoms by the sharing of electrons
covalent bond
40
a chemical bond formed between oppositely charged atoms
ionic bond
41
ion with a negative charge
anion
42
ion with a positive charge
cation
43
a substance consisting of two or more elements combined chemically in definite proportions by mass
compound
44
a group of two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds; smallest unit of a compound
molecule
45
a symbolic expression of the chemical composition or constitution of a substance
formula
46
a combination of two or more substances not chemically united and that exist in no fixed proportion to each other
mixture
47
____ mixtures are not uniform throughout the mixture
heterogenous
48
Heterogenous solutions contain ____ or ____ in a solvent
colloids or suspensions
49
a solute that can pass through a filter but not a membrane
colloid
50
a solute that will not pass through filters or membranes
suspension
51
____ mixtures are the same composition throughout the mixture
homogenous
52
Homogenous mixtures are ____ solutions usually made up of a ____ and a ____
true crystalloid and solvent
53
a solute that can pass through a filter or a membrane
crystalloid
54
a homogenous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent
solution
55
a substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution
solute
56
a substance that dissolves a solute in a solution
solvent
57
a solution containing relatively small amount of solute
dilute solution
58
a solution containing a relatively large amount of solute
concentrated solution
59
a solution containing the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure
saturated solution
60
a solution containing less than the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure
unsaturated solution
61
a solution containing more than the maximum amount of solute a solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure
supersaturated solution
62
a method of expressing low concentrations; equivalent to 1 milligram per liter
parts per million
63
the passage of a solvent from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
osmosis
64
a solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
hypertonic
65
a solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
hypotonic
66
a solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute as the solution to which is it compared
isotonic
67
the condition of water that results from dissolved minerals and metallic ions
hardness
68
bonds between water molecules which give it a high surface tension
hydrogen
69
a compound in which there is a union between water and certain substances when they crystallize
hydrate
70
compounds which are hydrated very easily and are often used as desiccants
hygroscopic
71
a compound in which there is a union between water and certain substances when they crystallize
hydrate
72
the removal of water from a substance
dehydration
73
a complete or nearly complete deprivation of moisture
desiccation
74
the measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
pH
75
a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution
acid
76
proton donor
acid
77
a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH–) in an aqueous solution
base
78
basic is aka
alkaline
79
proton acceptor
base
80
any group of substances that result from the reaction between acids and bases other than water
salt
81
Acids react with bases to form ____ and ____; this reaction is called ____
water and a salt neutralization
82
any compound that can act as both an acid and a base in aqueous solutions
amphoteric

PIMS Embalming I (8 decks)

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