Week 2 Proximal & Distal Arm Flashcards
the soft tissue under the shoulder, or the armpit / underarm
axilla
anterior wall of the axillary space
anterior axillary fold (pectoralis major muscle, pectoralis minor muscle)
posterior wall of the axillary space
posterior axillary fold (latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, teres major muscles)
medial wall of the axillary space
ribs 2–6 and the corresponding intercostal muscles, covered by the serratus anterior muscle
lateral wall of the axillary space
shaft of the humerus, biceps brachii and coracobrachialis muscles
base of the axillary space
fascia and skin where the axillary hair is found
apex of axillary space
cervicoaxillary canal, bound by clavicle, scapula, & first rib
axillary artery is ____ & ____ to the axillary vein
lateral & deep
linear guide for the axillary artery
a line from a point over or through the center of the base of the axillary space to a point over or through the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space; line is parallel to the long axis of the abducted arm
anatomical guide for the axillary artery
behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle
anatomical limits for the axillary artery
lateral border of the first rib to the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle
origin and termination of the axillary artery
continuation of the subclavian artery; terminates as it leads into the brachial artery
branches of the axillary artery
Highest/supreme thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery
Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
brachial plexus
five roots from the spinal nerves C5 through T1, form three trunks which lie superior & deep to the subclavian artery, split into anterior and posterior divisions in the cervicoaxillary canal, divisions recombine and form three cords which surround the axillary artery within the axillary sheath (medial, posterior, and lateral to artery), cords divide to form five terminal branches (median nerve lateral to the brachial artery, and ulnar nerve medial to the artery)
brachial artery is ____ & ____ to the basilic vein
lateral & deep
origin & termination of the brachial artery
originates as continuation of the axillary artery, bifurcates into the ulnar and radial arteries
linear guide for the brachial artery
a line on the surface of the skin from a point over the center of the lateral border of the base of the axillary space to a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the elbow joint
anatomical guide for the brachial artery
artery lies in the bicipital groove at the posterior margin of the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle
anatomical limits of the brachial artery
from a point beginning at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle to a point inferior to the antecubital fossa
incision for the brachial artery
made along with the upper one-third of the linear guide furthest from elbow joint
origin of radial artery
at the bifurcation of the brachial artery on the lateral side of the forearm
two small veins on either side of the radial and ulnar arteries
venae comitantes
linear guide for the radial artery
a line on the surface of the skin of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger
anatomical guide for the radial artery
artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle and just medial to the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle
anatomical limits for the radial artery
artery extends from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the base of the thumb (thenar eminence)
origin of the ulnar artery
originates at the bifurcation of the brachial artery on the medial side of the forearm
linear guide for the ulnar artery
a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the antecubital fossa on the forearm to a point between the fourth and fifth fingers
anatomical guide for the ulnar artery
artery lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle (it lies between the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum superficialis)
anatomical limits for the ulnar artery
from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over the pisiform bone (hypothenar eminence)
structures of the distal forearm from lateral to medial
brachioradialis
radial artery
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
ulnar artery
flexor carpi ulnaris
