Week 4: Don't go out tonight Flashcards
Compare anxiety and fear
Anxiety is apprehension to an anticipated problem.
Fear is the reaction to a real or perceived immediate danger.
What are the five major types of anxiety disorder in the DSM5?
- Specific phobia
- social anxiety disorder
- Panic disorder
- Agoraphobia
- Generalised anxiety disorder
What is needed for a diagnosis of panic disorder?
at least one month of concern or worry about the possibility of more attacks occurring or the consequences of an attack occurring.
What is needed for a diagnosis of agoraphobia?
Experience a disproportionate fear about at least two situations where it would be difficult to escape or receive help in the event of panic symptoms
What percentage of people with anxiety disorder also meet the criteria for MDD
approx 60%
What three brain regions are involved in the fear circuit
- Hippocampus
- Amygdala
- Medial prefrontal cortex
What cognitive pattern is prominent in panic disorder?
Catastrophic misinterpretations of somatic/physical changes
What brain region is responsible for the production of norepinephrine?
The locus coeruleus
What is the common component across treatment of anxiety disorders?
Exposure
What is the name given to drugs that reduce anxiety?
Anxiolytics
What are three commonly prescribed anxiety medications?
- Benzodiazepines
- Antidepressants
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
What are the three types of OCD disorders?
obsessive compulsive disorder
body dysmorphic disorder
hoarding disorder
What type of therapy is commonly used in OCD?
Cognitive behavioural therapy
What heritable is OCD?
40-50% heritability
What three brain regions have heightened activity in OCD?
- Orbitofrontal cortex
- caudate nucleus
- anterior cingulate
What is yedasentience?
The subjective feeling of knowing you. have done enough to prevent chaos and danger from low-level threats in the environment
What are the four broad characteristics of ptsd?
- intrusively re-experiencing the traumatic event
- Avoidance of stimuli associated with the event
- Symptoms of increased arousal and reactivity
- other signs of negative mood developed post event
What psychological treatment is used in OCD?
Exposure and response prevention (ERP)
What is the time period for Dx of acute stress disorder?
Symptoms lasting from three days to one month
What is the time period for Dx of PTSD?
Symptoms last for at least one month
What region in the brain may be smaller, thus predisposing to PTSD?
The hippocampus
What is the main psychological treatment for PTSD?
Exposure - in vivo and imaginal
