Week 11: Personality Disorders Flashcards
What are the 3 clusters of personality disorder in theDSM-5?
Cluster A (odd or eccentric behaviour); cluster B (dramatic, emotional or erratic behaviour); cluster C (anxious or fearful behaviour)
What proportion of the population meets the diagnostic criteria for apersonality disorder?
Approx 1 in every 10 people.
What comorbid disorders are most common with people in Cluster B
Anxiety, mood and substance use
According to research, what strategy is most reliable in diagnosingpersonality disorders?
structured clinical interviews
What are the five dimensional trait domains in the Alternative Model for personality disorders
negative affectivity
detachment
antagonism
disinhibition
psychoticism
Contrast Cluster A schizoid vs. schizotypal personalitydisorder
schizoid disorder rarely experience strong emotions and show lock of interest in sex and pleasurable activities
whereas schizotypal is defined by eccentric thoughts and behaviour and suspiciousness.
Schizotypal also experience brief episodes of delusions or hallucinations.
What is the core feature of antisocial personality disorder?
a pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others
What genetic vulnerability is often present when someone developsantisocial personality?
a polymorphism of the MAO-A gene has been found to predict psychopathy
What are some of the criteria for borderline personality?
fear of abandonment
unstable interpersonal relationships
unstable sense of self
impulsive behaviours
recurrent suicidal behaviour
chronic emptiness
recurrent bouts of anger
experience of paranoid thoughts and dissociative symptoms during periods of stress
What two components form Linehan’s diathesis-stress theory?
genetic diathesis of emotional dysregulation and an invalidating family environment
How does DBT formulate the dialectic in terms of treatment of borderlinepersonality disorder?
the therapist must use seemingly opposite strategies when treating people with BPD & the patient realises that splitting the world into good and bad is not necessary
What is the key motivation in people avoiding others in avoidant personality disorder?
fear of criticism, rejection and disapproval
What two parental patterns are thought to contribute to dependentpersonality?
pver-protective parents reinforce dependency
authoritarian limits opportunities for children to develop feelings of self-efficacy
What are the key criteria for obsessive-compulsive personality?
Have an intense need for order, perfection and control shown from early adulthood across many contexts
What childhood disorder is often seen before someone is given a diagnosisof antisocial personality
Conduct disorder
