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NS1882 Nursing Practice 2 > Week 4 Diabetes and Blood Glucose > Flashcards

Week 4 Diabetes and Blood Glucose Flashcards

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1
Q

Which organ of the body secretes Insulin?

A

Pancreas

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2
Q

Insulin allows what substance to enter the cells?

A

Glucose

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3
Q

What is the most commom type of Diabetes?

A

Type 2

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4
Q

If a person has self administered their own medication, for example a person with diabetes self administering their prescribed insulin what code do you use to record that on their medication chart?

A

S

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5
Q

At what Blood Glucose level reading do you need to administer a fast acting carbohydrate?

A

Less than 4 mmol/l

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6
Q

If a diabetic person is experiencing dizziness, sweating, blurred vision, feels weak and unwell what is the likely cause?

A

Hypoglycaemia

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7
Q

How long do you wait after giving a fast acting carbohydrate before you recheck the BGL?

A

15 Minutes

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8
Q

What substance can be detected in the urine of a person with uncontrolled diabetes?

A

Ketones

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9
Q

Types of supplemental Insulin are classified by:

A

How long they have an effect after each dose

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10
Q

One potential complication of uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus is:

A

Coronary artery disease

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11
Q

Hypoglycaemia is a BGL less than?

A

4 mmol/L

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12
Q

Neuropathy, which is a potential complication of Diabetes Mellitus refers to damage of the:

A

Nerves

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13
Q

Of all the diagnosed cases of Diabetes Mellitus which is the most common?

A

Type 2

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14
Q

The standard frequency for BGL monitoring in hospital is

A

Pre meals and at 2100Hrs

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15
Q

The role of insulin in the body is to:

A

Lower Blood Glucose

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16
Q

The first assessment question in the management of Hypoglycaemia is:

A

Is the patient conscious and cooperative?

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17
Q

Which of the following are common symptoms of hypoglycaemia?

A

Sweating, Dizziness and Confusion

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18
Q

Type 1 Diabetes is most commonly diagnosed at what age?

A

Childhood

19
Q

Disease of inadequate control of blood levels of glucose.

A

Diabetes mellitus

20
Q

A chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin.

A

Type 1 diabetes

21
Q

Type 2 diabetes affects how your body uses sugar (glucose) for energy. It stops the body from using insulin properly, which can lead to high levels of blood sugar, if not treated.

A

Type 2 diabetes

22
Q

A condition in which blood sugar is high, but not high enough to be type 2 diabetes.

A

Pre-diabetes
Without intervention, it’s likely to become type 2 diabetes within 10 years.

23
Q

Diabetes that develops during pregnancy. High BGL.

A

Gestational diabetes
Dangerous for baby

24
Q

Blood glucose level (BGL) drops to a very low level (below 4mmol/L)

A

Hypoglycaemia

25
Q

Blood glucose greater than 125 mg/dL while fasting and greater than 180 mg/dL 2 hours postprandial

A

Hyperglycaemia

26
Q

Mr Tan has an intravenous order to receive 1000ml normal saline to be infused over 16hrs
Calculate the flow rate in ml/hr

A

1000/16
= 62.5ml/hr

27
Q

Mr Tan has an intravenous order to receive 1000ml normal saline to be infused over 16hrs
Calculate the drip rate in drops per min if the drip factor is 20/min

A

1000/16 x 20/60
= 1000/48
= 20.8
= 21 drops per min

28
Q

Why do type 1 have to test at 2am?

A

Cannot regulate so need to check for dip

29
Q

A serious diabetes complication where the body produces excess blood acids

A

Ketoacidosis

30
Q

Blood test that is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes.

A

HbA1c

31
Q

Small, portable machine that’s used to measure how much glucose is in the blood

A

Glucometer

32
Q

Peptide hormone secreted from the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets

A

Glucagon

33
Q

Cells that make insulin, a hormone that controls the level of glucose in the blood

A

Beta cells

34
Q

A serious diabetes complication where the body produces excess blood acids (ketones).

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

This condition occurs when there isn’t enough insulin in the body. It can be triggered by infection or other illness.

35
Q

A resistance to the hormone insulin, resulting in increasing blood sugar.

A

Insulin resistance

36
Q

Chemicals that the body creates when it breaks down fat to use for energy

A

Ketones

37
Q

A type of nerve damage that can occur if you have diabetes

A

Neuropathy

38
Q

An eye condition that can cause vision loss and blindness in people who have diabetes.

A

Retinopathy

It affects blood vessels in the retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of your eye).

39
Q

The deterioration of kidney function

A

Nephropathy

40
Q

Hypoglycaemia symptoms

A

Fast heartbeat
Shaking
Sweating
Nervousness or anxiety
Irritability or confusion
Dizziness
Hunger

41
Q

Hyperglycaemia symptoms

A

Increased thirst and a dry mouth
Needing to pee frequently
Tiredness or weakness
Blurred vision
Unintentional weight loss
Recurrent infections, such as thrush, bladder infections (cystitis) and skin infections.

42
Q

When does ketoacidosis occur?

A

When there isn’t enough insulin in the body. It can be triggered by infection or other illness.

43
Q

Final stage of nephropathy

A

Kidney failure

NS1882 Nursing Practice 2 (9 decks)

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