Week 3 Fluid Balance Flashcards
existing in a vein
Intravenous
decreased intravascular, interstital or intracellular fluid
Fluid volume deficit
too much fluid in the blood
Fluid volume excess
decreased blood volume
Hypovolaemia
excess fluid in body cavities and tissues
Oedema
the movement of water across cell membranes from less concentration to high concentration
Osmosis
The passage of materials through a membrane by force (ie the heart pumping)
Filtration
molecules moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion
ions moving across a cell to higher concentrations assisted by enzymes
Active transport
substances dissolved into liquid
Solute
the component of a solution that can dissolve a solute
Solvent
substance used as a plasma expander in place of blood (albumin)
Colloid
the term used to express the concentration of solutes in bodily fluids
Osmolality
a solution in which crystals may form but is still able to move across membranes
Crystalloid
has the same concentration of solutes as plasma
Isotonic
has a greater concentration of solutes than plasma
Hypertonic
has less concentration of solutes than plasma
Hypotonic
when plasma pulls water from interstitial spaces to vascular compartments
Colloid osmotic pressure
the pressure exerted by a fluid within a closed system on the walls of the container it is in
Hydrostatic pressure
2/3 of the total body fluid of adults is normally found in which space?
Intracellular space
Dehydration and Hypovolaemia are both examples of:
Fluid Volume Deficit
Clinical assessment of fluid balance can include assessment of:
Mucous membranes
If a medication is to be given via an intravenous route the additive label colour should be:
Blue
Intravenous fluid orders must include:
The volume to be infused
Clinical signs of Phlebitis include:
Site is swollen, inflamed, warm and painful
The two (2) major fluid compartmentsin the human body are:
Intracellular and Extracellular
If extravasation of intravenous fluid is detected the immediate action to take is:
Stop the infusion
If a PIVC insertion site is swollen, cool and painful the cause is most likely to be due to:
Infiltration
Three (3) different types of intravenous fluids are:
Blood, Crystalloids, Colloids
