Week 4: Classical Conditioning: Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Question 1

Acquisition

Answer 1

The process of developing and strengthening a conditioned response through repeated pairings of a NS with an US.
Rapidly at start - gradually levels.

Question 2

Asymptote

Answer 2

The maximum amount of conditioning that can take place in a particular situation.

Question 3

What produces stronger and faster conditioning?

Answer 3

More intense US or NS.

Question 4

Extinction

Answer 4

Eliminating the conditioned response by presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus until the conditioned stimulus is extinguished.

Question 5

Spontaneous Recovery

Answer 5

Reappearance of a conditioned response to a conditioned stimulus following a rest period after extinction.

Question 6

Disinhibition

Answer 6

Sudden recovery of a conditioned response during an extinction procedure when novel (unfamiliar) stimulus is introduced.

Question 7

Stimulus Generalization

Answer 7

The tendency for a conditioned response to occur in the presence of a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Question 8

Semantic Generalization

Answer 8

Generalization of a conditioned response to verbal stimuli that are similar in meaning to conditioned stimulus.

Question 9

Stimulus Discrimination

Answer 9

The tendency for a response to be elicited more by one stimulus than another.

Question 10

Experimental Neurosis

Answer 10

An experimentally produced disorder in which animals exposed to unpredictable events develop neurotic-like symptoms.

Question 11

Higher-Order Conditioning

Answer 11

A stimulus that is associated with a conditioned stimulus can also become a conditioned stimulus.
Conditioned fear response to wasps - notice wasps around trash bin - weaker conditioned fear response to trash bin (second-order conditioning)

Question 12

Sensory Preconditioning

Answer 12

When one stimulus is conditioned as a conditioned stimulus, another stimulus with which it was previously paired can also become conditioned stimulus.
Ex: tool shed previously conditioned with wasps, wasps conditioned to elicit a fear response, tool shed now elicits a fear response.
Adding to a previously conditioned stimulus.

Question 13

US Revaluation

Answer 13

Post-conditioning presentation of the unconditioned stimulus at a different level of intensity, thereby, altering the strength of response to the previously conditioned stimulus.
Value/magnitude being changed.

Question 14

Compound Stimulus

Answer 14

Consists of the simultaneous presentation of two or more individual stimuli.

Question 15

Overshadowing

Answer 15

When the more salient member of a compound stimulus is more readily conditioned as a conditioned stimulus and thereby interferes with the conditioning of the less salient member.
Two NS.

Question 16

Blocking

Answer 16

When the presence of an established conditioned stimulus interferes with the conditioning of a new conditioned stimulus.
CS and NS

Question 17

Occasion Setting

Answer 17

The procedure in which a stimulus (occasion setter) signals whether a conditioned stimulus will elicit a conditioned response.

Question 18

Latent Inhibition

Answer 18

An unfamiliar stimulus is more readily conditioned as a conditioned stimulus than a familiar stimulus.

Question 19

Difference between dishabituation and disinhibition

Answer 19

Disinhibition - recovery of a response that is partially inhibited because of extinction.
Dishabituation - reappearance of a habituated response.