Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anesthesia Pharmacology Medications > Week 4 ANS Drugs > Flashcards

Week 4 ANS Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

3 Components of Cushing’s Triad

A

Increased ICP
Bradycardia
HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe Autonomic HYPERreflexia

A

Systemic HTN due to intense vasoconstriction, reflecting an inability of vasodilating inhibitory impulses from the CNS to pass beyond a spinal cord transection site
There is a loss if inhibitory impulses resulting in pure SNS stimulation
Spine injury generally at T5 or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe Baroreceptor Reflex

A

Stretch Receptors in Aorta & Carotid Arteries sense Increased BP–>
Signal sent via Vagus nerve–>
HR Decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe Central & Peripheral Chemoreceptor Reflexes

A

Central Chemoreceptor: Senses Increased arterial CO2 and/or Decreased arterial pH–>Causes increased TV and RR (aka Increased Minute Ventilation)
Peripheral Chemoreceptor: Senses Decreased O2 in Carotid Bodies–>Causes increased TV and RR (aka Increased Minute Ventilation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Bainbridge Reflex

A

Increase HR d/t Increase in CVP sensed by Atrial Stretch Receptors (aka Atrial Reflex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the Bezold-Jarisch Reflex

A

Vagally mediated reflex of the heart causing Hypotension, Bradycardia, & Coronary Dilation–> Cardioprotective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe OculoCardiac (Five & Dime) Reflex

A

Decreased HR d/t pressure on eye via CNs 5 and 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Norepinephrine is the _______ POST-ganglionic neurotransmitter.

A

Norepinephrine is the Sympathetic Nervous System POST-ganglionic neurotransmitter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter of which nervous system? Sympathetic or Parasympathetic? Explain.

A

ACh is the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic PRE-ganglionic neurotransmitter AND the Parasympathetic POST-ganglionic neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Epinephrine
Where is it synthesized?
Infusion Doses and Receptors Activated

A

Synthesized in the Adrenal Medulla
2-10mcg/min (Beta 1, Beta 2)
>10mcg/min (Alpha 1)
MAX 20mcg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Norepinephrine

Infusion Doses and Receptors Activated

A

4-12mcg/min
Lower Doses activate Beta 1
Higher Doses activate Alpha 1
MAX 16mcg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dopamine

Infusion Doses and Receptors Activated

A

1-3mcg/kg/min (D1, D2)
3-10mcg/kg/min (Beta 1)
>10mcg/kg/min (Alpha 1)
MAX 20mcg/kg/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fenoldopam

Infusion Doses and Receptors Activated

A

0.1-0.8mcg/kg/min (D1 Renal Receptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Phenylephrine

Bolus/Infusion Doses and Receptors Activated

A

Bolus Dose: 50-100mcg
Infusion Dose: 20-50 mcg/min
(Alpha 1 venous>Alpha 1 arterial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phentolamine
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Phenylephrine OverDose, NE Infiltration

Non-Selective Alpha Antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Midodrine
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Dialysis Induced Hypotension

Oral Alpha 1 Agonist

17
Q

Ephedrine

Mechanism of Action

A

Direct and Indirect-Acting Sympathomimetic: acts directly on Alpha and Beta receptors, acts indirectly by competing with NE for re-uptake in vesicles so that NE can stay at receptor sites longer

18
Q

Does Ephedrine Increase or Decrease MAC required?

Any other Sympathomimetics that affect MAC dose?

A

Increases MAC d/t CNS Stimulation

Yes, Epinephrine and Isoproterenol

19
Q

Clonidine
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Resistant HTN, Prolong Spinals
Partial Alpha 2 Agonist
*Black Box for Pregnant Women

20
Q

Isoproterenol
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

As “Chemical Pacemaker” til Permanent Pacemaker can be placed
Non-selective Beta 1, Beta 2 Agonist

21
Q

Dobutamine
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Improve Cardiac Output in CHF patients
Racemic Mixture: Beta 1 Agonist, Alpha 1 Agonist, and Alpha 1 Antagonist (Positive Inotropic agent)
*Has Ceiling Effect (Peak Effect) with respect to vasodilation @ Doses >5mcg/kg/min

22
Q

Albuterol and Metaproterenol
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Asthma, COPD

Beta 2 Agonists: bronchodilation

23
Q

Terbutaline
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

Asthma, Tocolysis (Stop pre-mature contractions)

Beta 2 Agonist: bronchodilation and uterine smooth muscle relaxation

24
Q

Vasopressin
Use
Mechanism of Action
Dosages

A

Codes, Refractory Hypotension (d/t ACEIs or ARBs)
Stimulation of V1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle- causes vasoconstriction
Code Dose: 40 unit Bolus
Intraoperative Dose: 1-8 units IV

25
Q

Phenoxybenzamine
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

HTN in Pheochromocytoma patients

Non-Selective Alpha Antagonist (Alpha1>Alpha2)

26
Q

Prazosin
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

HTN

Selective Alpha 1 Antagonist

27
Q

Doxazosin and Tamsulosin
Use
Mechanism of Action

A

BPH

Selective Alpha 1 Antagonist

28
Q

Metoprolol
Use
Mechanism of Action
Dose

A

Control HR when BP reduction NOT needed
Selective Beta 1 Antagonist
Dose: 2-5mg IV q2-5mins (Total dose 15mg)

29
Q 
Esmolol
Use
Mechanism of Action
Metabolism 
Onset of Action
Bolus and Infusion Dose
A 
Fast BP control for Short Duration
Selective Beta 1 Antagonist
Metabolized by Non-specific Red Cell Esterase
Onset: 90 secs 
Bolus Dose: 10-80mg IV
Infusion Dose: 50-300mcg/kg/min
30
Q 
Labetalol
Use
Mechanism of Action
Dose
Onset of Action
Duration of Action
A 
Continued BP Control
Beta 1, Beta 2 Antagonist>Alpha 1 Antagonist
Dose: 5-10mg Bolus q10 mins
Onset: 5-15mins
DOA: 4-6 hours (long duration)
31
Q

Propranolol

Mechanism of Action

A

Non-Selective Beta Antagonist

32
Q

Atropine
Mechanism of Action
Dose

A

Anticholinergic Muscarinic Blockers
Dose: 0.5-1mg IV
*Tertiary Amine–>Crosses BBB
(Shorter DOA than Glycopyrrolate)

33
Q

Glycopyrrolate

Mechanism of Action

A

Anticholinergic Muscarinic Blocker
*Quartenary Amine–>does NOT cross BBB
(Longer DOA than Atropine)

34
Q

Reserpine and alpha-Methyldopa

Mechanism of Action

A

Adrenergic Blockers: Blocks the synthesis and storage of NE

Anesthesia Pharmacology Medications (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions