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Nurse 146 Nursing Care Of The Older Adult > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to tear production as we age?

A

it declines

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2
Q

What happens to the cornea as you age?

A

It looses transparency

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3
Q

What occurs as we ages that leads to decreased accommodation?

A

Collagen fibers thicken

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4
Q

What happens to vitreous humor as we age?

A

It becomes cloudy

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5
Q

What happens to Aqueous humor as we age?

A

Volume is reduced

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6
Q

What age does Presbyopia begin?

A

40

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7
Q

What are some normal vision changes as we age?

A
  • Glare is increased
  • Contrast decreases
  • Visual field narrows
  • Rods in eye decline =night blindness
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8
Q

Cataracts effect _____ of people age 60-70

A

50%

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9
Q

Glaucoma effects ____ of people over the age of 70

A

3-4%

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10
Q

___ out of every ___ people over the age of 75 are affected by macular degenration

A

1 of 3

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11
Q

What is a common cause of retinal detachment in older adults?

A

Falls

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12
Q

The decline of ___ in older age results in ____ ulcers

A

tears

Corneal

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13
Q

What happens to cerumen glands as we age? what is the result?

A

They shrink

Causes dry earwax

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14
Q

What happens to the external ear canal as we age?

Result of this?

A

it shrinks

Increased blockages

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15
Q

What happens to the tympanic membrane as we age?

A

It stiffens and looses the ability to transmit as many vibrations

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16
Q

What changes happen within the ear that lead to increased risk of falls?

A

Vestibular changes that effect balance

17
Q

What are the three types of hearing loss common in old age?

A
  • Conductive-environmental
  • Presbycusis-age related hearing loss
  • Sensorineural hearing loss- tennitis
18
Q

What is the impact of hearing loss on Safety/Pleasure/Function in OA’s

A

Safety-Cant hear alarms or instructions, fall risk
Pleasure-No music or conversations
Function-Social Isolation

19
Q

What is Hyposmia?

A

Decreased sense of smell

20
Q

What is Anosmia

A

Lost sense of smell

21
Q

When does the sense of smell peak?

A

20-40 years

22
Q

what percentage of older adults have a decline or loss of the sense of smell?

A

over 50%

23
Q

What are the two main causes of olfaction decline in OA’s?

A
  • Decline in neurons

- Weakened neural pathways

24
Q

What sex shows the greatest decline in olfaction?

A

Men

25
Q

What is hypogeusia?

A

Decline in taste

26
Q

What is Ageusia

A

Loss of sense of taste

27
Q

What is the first taste to go?

A

salt

28
Q

What is often the last taste an OA will have?

A

Sweet

29
Q

What are the two main causes of decline in taste?

A
  • Decline in number of tastebuds

- Dry mouth

30
Q

What is the impact of olfaction decline on Safety/Pleasure/Function in OA’s

A

Safety- Gas leaks and smoke
Pleasure-Cant smell good smells anymore
Function- decline in smell is often paired with decline in taste

31
Q

What is the impact of Taste decline on Safety/Pleasure/Function in OA’s

A

Safety- Poison risk
Pleasure- No good food tastes
Function-Malnutrition

32
Q

What is Proprioception?

A

The sense of body position

33
Q

What causes a decline in Proprioception?

A
  • Decline in lower limb sensory fibers

- Decline in vibration receptors

34
Q

What is the impact of Proprioception on Safety/Pleasure/Function in OA’s

A

Safety-Fall risk
Pleasure- Reduced activity due to fear of falls
Function- reduced exercise and fear of social isolation

35
Q

What are some causes in the decline of the sense of touch in older adults?

A
  • Decreased mechanoreceptors
  • Changes in integument
  • Reduced sensory neurons
  • Delay in relay information
36
Q

What is the impact of loss of touch on Safety/Pleasure/Function in OA’s

A

Safety- Hot/cold temp and injury to feet
Pleasure- Can be increased with service pets
Function- Isolation from fear of injury

Nurse 146 Nursing Care Of The Older Adult (11 decks)

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