Week 4 Flashcards
What are the 5 main topics for week 4?
Metaparadigm of health The 3 approaches to health 5 principles to health promotion 3 levels to disease prevention 12 determinants of health
What are the 3 approaches to health?
Medical
Behavioural
Socioenviromental
What is the medical Approach to health?
“stability orientation to health”
Dominated by western thinking
Emphasizes that medical intervention restores health
less emphasis to health promotion and disease prevention
What are psychological risk factors?
psychologically defined characteristics that are precursors to or risk factors for disease
Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia,genetic predispositions, and obesity
What is biospsychosocial?
The view of health includes psychological and social elements; however in practice, a medical focus on pathology was retained
What is the Behavioural Approach to Health?
Involves the Lalonde report
The report concluded that the traditional medical approach to health care was inadequate and that furthur improvements in the enviroment, reductions to self-imposed risks, and greater knowledge of human biology were necessary to improve the health status of Canadians
The report defined heath determinants:
Lifestyle, enviroment, human biology, and the organization of health care
Lifestyle received the most attention because lifestyle contributed to chronic diseases and injuries
The behavioural approach places responsibility for health on the individual, favouring health promotion strategies
Education, and social marketing
What are examples of behavioural risk factors?
Smoking, substance abuse, lack of excercise, and an unhealthy diet
What is the Socioenvironmental Approach to Health?
health is closely tied to social structures.
Poverty and unhealthy physical and social Enviroments
Air pollution, poor water quality, workplace hazard
Involves the Ottawa Charter of Heath Promotion and Achieveing Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion “Epp Report”
Both the Ottawa Charter & Epp Report reflect a socioenviromental approach in which health is seen as more than the absence of diesease and healthy behaviours, rather this approach emphasizes connectedness & self-efficacy and the capacity to engage in meaningful activities
The Ottawa Charter of Heath Promotion was responsible for?
PSEFISSSE
the 9 prerequisites for health
Peace, shelter, education, food, income, stable ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, and equity
Achieveing Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion “Epp Report” in 1986 is responsible for?
Reducing inequalities, increasing prevention, and enhancing coping strategie
acknowledged disparities in health between low and high income people and that living conditioned were critical determinants of health
Reducing inequalities means?
Access to the health care system
Increasing prevention means?
Immunizations, no smoking areas
Enhancing Coping strategies mean?
Enhancing peoples ability to cope reflected that chronic condition cannot be cured, thus assistance in managing and coping is necessary to live a meaningful and productive life
What is health promotion?
directed toward increasing the level of well being and self actualization
inter-related with disease prevention (primary level)
Emphasizes participation, empowerment, and equity and goes beyond individual health education to a broader ecological approach that incorporates community development and policy you advocacy
health promotion as the overarching concept, defined as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve their health
What are the 5 principles to health promotion?
address health issues in context
(specific to a situation)
Supports a holistic approach
Requires a long term perspective
(includes all 3 levels of disease prevention to promote health)
Is multisectoral
(collaboration between professions in education, social, & health services)
Draws on knowledge from social, economical, political, environmental, medical, and nursing sciences, as well as from first-hand experiences
(people, media, research, experience)
