week 4 Flashcards
what is ulcerative colitis?
is a chronic inflammatory diease of the muscosa of the rectum and colon
what is Inflammatory bowels disease?
is a chronic , relapsing autoimmune(immune response to own GI track) inflammatory bowel disorder and refers to two separate diseases, ulcerative colitis and crohns disease
what are the clinical features of ulcerative colitis
lower abdominal pain , rectal bleeding and bloody diarrhea(10-20 per day)
crohns disease what is it?
is a chronic inflammatory disease of the layers intestinal wall and can occur from mouth to anus
clincial features of Crohns disease
often constant pain, weight loss, intermittent bouts of fever, diarrhea, if bloody ,not as severe as ulcerative colitis, constant, chronic RLQ pain, may have RLQ mass, tenderness
clinical features of IBS
Persistent or recurrent symptoms of abdominal pain
altered bowel function
varying complaints of flatulence, bloating
mucous in stool
nausea and anorexia
constipation or diarrhea
Risk factors of of IBS
FEMALE
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS
WHAT IS INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete obstruction of the small or large intestine, that stops digesta from flowing through the gut. can be simple or strangulated
clinical manifestations of intestinal obstuction
depending on the site and duration
mechanical obstructions:increased bowel sound initially, accompanied by abdominal pain,nausea, vomiting and distension
fuctional obstructions:absence of bowel sounds
uppper jejunal area:vomiting,dehydration, and electrolyte depletion
distal portion of the small bowel or ileum: constipation may be an early manifestation
what is diverticular disease
complications from the presence of acquired herniations of the mucosa and submucosa of the colon due to structural and functional factors
are diverticulosis clincial symtpoms generally
symptimatic or asmptomatic ?
asmptimatic but can have pain or change in bowel habit bloating and flatulence
what is hepatitis?
is inflammation of the liver
cirrhosis
final and irreversible result of alchol damage
cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder, acute or chronic
cholelithiasis
presence of gallstones in the gallbladder, acute or chronic
what are some risk factors for cholelithiasis
prolonged fasting or rapid weight loss
pregnacy
oral contraceptives and HRT
Obesity
middle age
female
variety of medical factors
diabetes
high fat diet
high cholesterol
genertics
native american
mexican-american
what is peritonitis
inflammation of the abdominal wall tissue
what is the difference between primary and secondary peritonitis
what is appendicitis
is inflammation of the appendix is caused by obstruction of the lumen by faeces
what are signs and symtoms of peritonitis
abdominal pain or tenderness
bloating or feeling of fullness in your abdomen
fever
nausea and vomiting
loss of appetite
diarrhoea
low urine output
thirst
