Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

erect stance

A

standing up vertically with the limbs beneath you. Provides passive support. Also the entire limb can contribute to the stride making them faster

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2
Q

Cursorial

A

fast locomotion from elongated limbs (lower leg bones the most) below the elbows and knees
-usually digitigrade or unguiligrade

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3
Q

Digitigrade

A

stands only on their toes

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4
Q

Unguligrade

A

stands on oversized toenails

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5
Q

Plantigrade

A

stand on the flat of your feet

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6
Q

Graviportal

A

adapted for extreme body weight so are robust and heavy
-little joint movement

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7
Q

Obligate bipeds

A

mostly walk and run on two limbs

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8
Q

obligate quadrupeds

A

mostly walk and run on four limbs

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9
Q

facultative bipeds

A

walk on four legs but can rise and run on two

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10
Q

the caudofemoralis

A

muscles found in the tails of crocodiles and many birds
-pulls backwards to aid movement
-attached to the trochanter (only in animals with a caudogemoralis)

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11
Q

Trochanter

A

only found in animals with a caudofemoralis is the attachment point
-if placed low on the limb it is for strength and endurance
-if placed close to the hip it is for speed

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12
Q

Ichnofossils

A

trances of biological activity (footprints, tooth marks)

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13
Q

Footprint fossilization

A

has to be made is soft mud but with a hard underlayer (usually found in the muddy banks of old rivers)

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14
Q

ectotherm

A

cold blooded
-better for energy management
-but can’t be active at night or in the morning

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15
Q

endotherm

A

warm blooded
-need more energy
-but can be active whenever

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16
Q

histology

A

study of slicing bones open (osteons)

17
Q

gigantothermic

A

idea that even if they were ectothermic their Volume to surface ratio keeps them from losing energy quickly