Week 10 Flashcards
Alfred Wegener
noticed Africa and south America are sus and fit together.
also that the fossils are the same
Crust
outermost layer about 5-25 Km thick
Mantle
below the crust 2500 Km thick
-Upper section is a solid called the lithosphere
-lower section is called the asthenosphere and is slowly flowing. which is made of many smaller (still huge) pieces
lithosphere
Solid upper part of mantle made of many smaller (still huge) pieces
asthenosphere
lower layer of mantle and is flowing slowly
The core
has to parts the outer layer of molten metal
and the inner core which is solid
-the intense heat causes the asthenosphere to move and heat up and cool
Panthalassa
the super ocean to compliment Pangea
niche partitioning
sharing the resources to increase carrying capacity and have co habitation
-seen with dipodicus and casmarasaurs. diplodocus went high and leafy, casmarasaurs was smaller and ate more diversely.
Laurasia
Northern part of Pangea when it broke apart (North America, Europe and Asia)
Gondwana
the southern part of Pangea after breaking. (South America, Australia, Africa, Antartica, Madagascar and India)
Pangea
was the super content. together for the Jurassic timer period and started to break part for the Cretaceous
Prosauropods
started to show up in triassic and survived to Jurassic (Pangea)
contains: Dilodocids, Macronarians and massopondylus
(Laurasia) went extinct here
(Gondwana) all but diplodocids, went to give titanosaurs
Diplodocids
(Pangea) found everywhere
the diplodocus was spread around the world had small nipping teeth
-niche partitioning with Camarasaurs
Macronarians
(Pangea) prosauropod group found everywhere
-Larger more robust than diplodocus
contains: Brachinosaurs, Giraffatitan and camarasaurs
Brachinosaurs
((Pangea)a Macronarian prosauropod found everywhere
Giraffatitan
(Pangea)a Macronarian prosauropod found everywhere
Camarasaurs
(Pangea) a Macronarian prosauropod found everywhere
-larger more robust teeth to eat harder plants
-niche partitioning with diplodocus
Massopondylus
(Pangea) a prosauropod found everywhere
Coelophysis
(Pangea) small theropod
Thyreophorans
(Pangea)
-like ornithischians with armour
-stegosaurs is one of them
stegosaurs
(Pangea)
-part of the Thyreophorans group
Ornithopods
(Pangea) common in Jurassic
-like camptosaurs an early iguanodont
Camptosaurs
(Pangea) common in jurassic
-early iguanodont part of ornithopod group
megalosaurids
(Pangea) Dominant in Jurassic
-old theropods
Ceratosaurids
(Pangea) Dominant in Jurassic
-old theropods
Allosauroids
(Pangea) become dominant largest predator in late jurassic. theropod
-interlocking spine and longer legs
(Laurasia) also dominant in here
Coelurosaurs
(Pangea) small theropod predator
-small but the most successful predator
-had small hands and lots of sacral vertebrae
(Laurasia) was also dominat predator and diverse leading to T rex
Laurasia common dinos
Iguanodonts, ankylosaurs and brachiosaurid are common
-some iguanodons and ankylosaurs moved to Gondwana via land bridge
ankylosaurs
(Laurasia) filled the sauropod herbivore niche
-split into two
-ankylosaurids (with clubs)
-nodosaurids (no clubs but has back spikes)
Hadrosaurs
(Laurasia) evolved from iguanodons and dominant in late cretaceous
-contained Lambeosaurine and Hadrosaurine
Lambeosaurine
(Laurasia) group of hadrosaurs with large hollow horns that could amplify calls
Hadrosaurines
(Laurasia) two groups of hadrosaurs without hollow horns
-saurolophus (bony crest)
Edmontosaurs (Fleshy crest)
Marginocephalians
(Laurasia) herbivores “fringe heads”
-this group contains pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians
Ceratopsians
(Laurasia) in group Marginocephalians
-early ones like Psittacosaurs was bipedal and mostly in Asia
-modern ones in north America
Tyrannosaurs
(Laurasia) Part of the Coelurosaur family and very dominant in late cretaceous
-extreme adaptations which let them dominate (long legs, stiff back, strong long jaws)
Dilong and guanlong and Eotyrannus
(Laurasia) part of coelurosaur family were early tyrannosaurs
-similar to coelurosaurs but bigger heads
Ornithomimids
(Laurasia) part of coelurosaur family and like emus and ostrich
Maniraptorans
(Laurasia) part of coelurosaur family but have semilunate carpal in wrist which lets them bend wings in
-evolves to dromaeosaur
Oviraptors
(Laurasia) part of coelurosaur family
-became vegetarian and had beaks
-fan of tail feathers
Therizinosaurs
(Laurasia) part of coelurosaur family
-backwards pubis
-small head with long neck
-large claws
Spinosaurs
(Gondwana) theropod
Carcharodontosaurids
(Gondwana) theropod member of allosauroid
-had larger had and jaws
-very large to take down titanosaurs
Contains Giganotosaurs
Titanosaurs
(Gondwana), from surviving sauropods Marcornarian
-heaviest
-had armour osteoderms
-contained the argentinosaurs dinosaur
Abelisaurs
(Gondwana) theropod group from the ceratosauroid lineage
contains Carnotaurus
Laramidia
west side of North America split by sea
Appalachia
east side of North America split by sea
